<octave>

An indication that a passage should be performed one or more octaves above or below its written pitch.
1.1.2 About version 5.1, 4.3.5 Articulation and Performance Instructions in CMN, 4.3.5.5 Octave Shift
Module
MEI.cmn
Attributes
@class, @coll, @color, @copyof, @corresp, @dis, @dis.place, @dots.ges, @dur, @dur.ges, @dur.metrical, @dur.ppq, @dur.real, @dur.recip, @endho, @endid, @endto, @evaluate, @extender, @facs, @follows, @ho, @label, @layer, @lendsym, @lendsym.size, @lform, @lsegs, @lstartsym, @lstartsym.size, @lwidth, @n, @next, @part, @partstaff, @plist, @precedes, @prev, @resp, @sameas, @staff, @startho, @startid, @startto, @synch, @to, @tstamp, @tstamp.ges, @tstamp.real, @tstamp2, @tstamp2.ges, @tstamp2.real, @type, @vgrp, @vo, @when, @x, @xml:base, @xml:id, @y
@class(optional)Contains one or more URIs which denote classification terms that apply to the entity bearing this attribute. One or more values from data.URI, separated by spaces.
<octave>att.commonatt.typedatt.classed@class
@coll(optional)Indicates whether the octave displacement should be performed simultaneously with the written notes, i.e., "coll' ottava". Unlike other octave signs which are indicated by broken lines, coll' ottava typically uses an unbroken line or a series of longer broken lines, ending with a short vertical stroke. See Read, p. 47-48. Allowed values are: "coll" (Coll' ottava (with the octave).)
<octave>att.octave.log@coll
@color(optional)Used to indicate visual appearance. Do not confuse this with the musical term 'color' as used in pre-CMN notation. Value conforms to data.COLOR.
<octave>att.octave.visatt.color@color
@copyof(optional)Points to an element of which the current element is a copy. Value conforms to data.URI.
<octave>att.commonatt.linking@copyof
@corresp(optional)Used to point to other elements that correspond to this one in a generic fashion. One or more values from data.URI, separated by spaces.
<octave>att.commonatt.linking@corresp
@dis(optional)Records the amount of octave displacement. Value conforms to data.OCTAVE.DIS.
<octave>att.octave.logatt.octaveDisplacement@dis
@dis.place(optional)Records the direction of octave displacement. Value conforms to data.STAFFREL.basic.
<octave>att.octave.logatt.octaveDisplacement@dis.place
@dots.ges(optional)Number of dots required for a gestural duration when different from that of the written duration. Value conforms to data.AUGMENTDOT.
<octave>att.octave.gesatt.duration.ges@dots.ges
@dur(optional)When a duration cannot be represented as a single power-of-two value, multiple space-separated values that add up to the total duration may be used. One or more values from data.DURATION, separated by spaces.
<octave>att.octave.logatt.duration.additive@dur
@dur.ges(optional)Records performed duration information that differs from the written duration; @dur.ges allows the same datatypes as @dur. Values of @dur.ges that require dots should also use @dots.ges. Value conforms to data.DURATION.GESTURAL.
<octave>att.octave.gesatt.duration.ges@dur.ges
@dur.metrical(optional)Duration as a count of units provided in the time signature denominator. Value is a decimal number.
<octave>att.octave.gesatt.duration.ges@dur.metrical
@dur.ppq(optional)Duration recorded as pulses-per-quarter note, e.g., MIDI clicks or MusicXML divisions. Value is a positive integer, including 0.
<octave>att.octave.gesatt.duration.ges@dur.ppq
@dur.real(optional)Duration in seconds, e.g., 1.732. Value is a decimal number.
<octave>att.octave.gesatt.duration.ges@dur.real
@dur.recip(optional)Duration as an optionally dotted Humdrum **recip value. Value is a token.
<octave>att.octave.gesatt.duration.ges@dur.recip
@endho(optional)Records the horizontal adjustment of a feature’s programmatically-determined end point. Value conforms to data.MEASUREMENTSIGNED.
<octave>att.octave.visatt.visualOffset2.ho@endho
@endid(optional)Indicates the final element in a sequence of events to which the feature applies. Value conforms to data.URI.
<octave>att.octave.logatt.startEndId@endid
@endto(optional)Records a timestamp adjustment of a feature’s programmatically-determined end point. Value conforms to data.TSTAMPOFFSET.
<octave>att.octave.visatt.visualOffset2.to@endto
@evaluate(optional)Specifies the intended meaning when a participant in a relationship is itself a pointer. Allowed values are: "all" (If an element pointed to is itself a pointer, then the target of that pointer will be taken, and so on, until an element is found which is not a pointer.), "one" (If an element pointed to is itself a pointer, then its target (whether a pointer or not) is taken as the target of this pointer.), "none" (No further evaluation of targets is carried out beyond that needed to find the element(s) specified in plist or target attribute.)
<octave>att.octave.logatt.controlEventatt.targetEval@evaluate
@extender(optional)Indicates the presence of an extension symbol, typically a line. Value conforms to data.BOOLEAN.
<octave>att.octave.visatt.extender@extender
@facs(optional)Points to one or more images, portions of an image, or surfaces which correspond to the current element. One or more values from data.URI, separated by spaces.
<octave>att.facsimile@facs
@follows(optional)points to one or more events in a user-defined collection that are known to be predecessors of the current element. One or more values from data.URI, separated by spaces.
<octave>att.commonatt.linking@follows
@ho(optional)Records a horizontal adjustment to a feature’s programmatically-determined location in terms of staff interline distance; that is, in units of 1/2 the distance between adjacent staff lines. Value conforms to data.MEASUREMENTSIGNED.
<octave>att.octave.visatt.visualOffsetatt.visualOffset.ho@ho
@label(optional)Captures text to be used to generate a label for the element to which it’s attached, a "tool tip" or prefatory text, for example. Should not be used to record document content. Value is plain text.
<octave>att.commonatt.labelled@label
@layer(optional)Identifies the layer to which a feature applies. One or more values of datatype positiveInteger, separated by spaces.
<octave>att.octave.logatt.controlEventatt.layerIdent@layer
@lendsym(optional)Symbol rendered at end of line. Value conforms to data.LINESTARTENDSYMBOL.
<octave>att.octave.visatt.extenderatt.lineRend@lendsym
@lendsym.size(optional)Holds the relative size of the line-end symbol. Value conforms to data.FONTSIZESCALE.
<octave>att.octave.visatt.extenderatt.lineRend@lendsym.size
@lform(optional)Describes the style of a line. Value conforms to data.LINEFORM.
<octave>att.octave.visatt.extenderatt.lineRendatt.lineRend.base@lform
@lsegs(optional)Describes the number of segments into which a dashed or dotted line may be divided, or the number of "peaks" of a wavy line; a pair of space-separated values (minimum and maximum, respectively) provides a range between which a rendering system-supplied value may fall, while a single value indicates a fixed amount of space; that is, the minimum and maximum values are equal. One or two values of datatype a positive integer no smaller than 2, separated by a space.
<octave>att.octave.visatt.extenderatt.lineRendatt.lineRend.base@lsegs
@lstartsym(optional)Symbol rendered at start of line. Value conforms to data.LINESTARTENDSYMBOL.
<octave>att.octave.visatt.extenderatt.lineRend@lstartsym
@lstartsym.size(optional)Holds the relative size of the line-start symbol. Value conforms to data.FONTSIZESCALE.
<octave>att.octave.visatt.extenderatt.lineRend@lstartsym.size
@lwidth(optional)Width of a line. Value conforms to data.LINEWIDTH.
<octave>att.octave.visatt.extenderatt.lineRendatt.lineRend.base@lwidth
@n(optional)Provides a number-like designation that indicates an element’s position in a sequence of similar elements. May not contain space characters. Value conforms to data.WORD.
<octave>att.commonatt.nNumberLike@n
@next(optional)Used to point to the next event(s) in a user-defined collection. One or more values from data.URI, separated by spaces.
<octave>att.commonatt.linking@next
@part(optional)Indicates the part in which the current feature should appear. Use '%all' when the feature should occur in every part. One or more values of datatype a string matching the following regular expression: "(%all|#[\i][\c]+)" , separated by spaces.
<octave>att.octave.logatt.controlEventatt.partIdent@part
@partstaff(optional)Signifies the part staff on which a notated feature occurs. Use '%all' when the feature should occur on every staff. One or more values of datatype a string matching the following regular expression: "(%all|\d+(-\d+)?)" , separated by spaces.
<octave>att.octave.logatt.controlEventatt.partIdent@partstaff
@plist(optional)When the target attribute is present, plist identifies the active participants; that is, those entities pointed "from", in a relationship with the specified target(s). When the target attribute is not present, it identifies participants in a mutual relationship. One or more values from data.URI, separated by spaces.
<octave>att.octave.logatt.controlEventatt.plist@plist
@precedes(optional)Points to one or more events in a user-defined collection that are known to be successors of the current element. One or more values from data.URI, separated by spaces.
<octave>att.commonatt.linking@precedes
@prev(optional)Points to the previous event(s) in a user-defined collection. One or more values from data.URI, separated by spaces.
<octave>att.commonatt.linking@prev
@resp(optional)Indicates the agent(s) responsible for some aspect of the text’s transcription, editing, or encoding. Its value must point to one or more identifiers declared in the document header. One or more values from data.URI, separated by spaces.
<octave>att.commonatt.responsibility@resp
@sameas(optional)Points to an element that is the same as the current element but is not a literal copy of the current element. One or more values from data.URI, separated by spaces.
<octave>att.commonatt.linking@sameas
@staff(optional)Signifies the staff on which a notated event occurs or to which a control event applies. Mandatory when applicable. One or more values of datatype positiveInteger, separated by spaces.
<octave>att.octave.logatt.controlEventatt.staffIdent@staff
@startho(optional)Records the horizontal adjustment of a feature’s programmatically-determined start point. Value conforms to data.MEASUREMENTSIGNED.
<octave>att.octave.visatt.visualOffset2.ho@startho
@startid(optional)Holds a reference to the first element in a sequence of events to which the feature applies. Value conforms to data.URI.
<octave>att.octave.logatt.startEndIdatt.startId@startid
@startto(optional)Records a timestamp adjustment of a feature’s programmatically-determined start point. Value conforms to data.TSTAMPOFFSET.
<octave>att.octave.visatt.visualOffset2.to@startto
@synch(optional)Points to elements that are synchronous with the current element. One or more values from data.URI, separated by spaces.
<octave>att.commonatt.linking@synch
@to(optional)Records a timestamp adjustment of a feature’s programmatically-determined location in terms of musical time; that is, beats. Value conforms to data.TSTAMPOFFSET.
<octave>att.octave.visatt.visualOffsetatt.visualOffset.to@to
@tstamp(optional)Encodes the onset time in terms of musical time, i.e., beats[.fractional beat part], as expressed in the written time signature. Value conforms to data.BEAT.
<octave>att.octave.logatt.controlEventatt.timestamp.log@tstamp
@tstamp.ges(optional)Encodes the onset time in terms of musical time, i.e., beats[.fractional beat part], as expressed in the written time signature. Value conforms to data.BEAT.
<octave>att.octave.logatt.controlEventatt.timestamp.ges@tstamp.ges
@tstamp.real(optional)Records the onset time in terms of ISO time. Value conforms to data.ISOTIME.
<octave>att.octave.logatt.controlEventatt.timestamp.ges@tstamp.real
@tstamp2(optional)Encodes the ending point of an event, i.e., a count of measures plus a beat location in the ending measure. Value conforms to data.MEASUREBEAT.
<octave>att.octave.logatt.timestamp2.log@tstamp2
@tstamp2.ges(optional)Encodes the ending point of an event, i.e., a count of measures plus a beat location in the ending measure. Value conforms to data.MEASUREBEAT.
<octave>att.octave.gesatt.timestamp2.ges@tstamp2.ges
@tstamp2.real(optional)Records the ending point of an event in terms of ISO time. Value conforms to data.ISOTIME.
<octave>att.octave.gesatt.timestamp2.ges@tstamp2.real
@type(optional)Designation which characterizes the element in some sense, using any convenient classification scheme or typology that employs single-token labels. One or more values of datatype NMTOKEN, separated by spaces.
<octave>att.commonatt.typed@type
@vgrp(optional)Provides a label for members of a vertically aligned group. Value is a positive integer.
<octave>att.octave.visatt.verticalGroup@vgrp
@vo(optional)Records the vertical adjustment of a feature’s programmatically-determined location in terms of staff interline distance; that is, in units of 1/2 the distance between adjacent staff lines. Value conforms to data.MEASUREMENTSIGNED.
<octave>att.octave.visatt.visualOffsetatt.visualOffset.vo@vo
@when(optional)Indicates the point of occurrence of this feature along a time line. Its value must be the ID of a <when> element elsewhere in the document. Value conforms to data.URI.
<octave>att.octave.logatt.controlEventatt.alignment@when
@x(optional)Encodes an x coordinate for a feature in an output coordinate system. When it is necessary to record the placement of a feature in a facsimile image, use the facs attribute. Value is a decimal number.
<octave>att.octave.visatt.xy@x
@xml:base(optional)Provides a base URI reference with which applications can resolve relative URI references into absolute URI references. Value conforms to data.URI.
<octave>att.commonatt.basic@xml:base
@xml:id(optional)Regularizes the naming of an element and thus facilitates building links between it and other resources. Each id attribute within a document must have a unique value. Value is a valid xml:id.
<octave>att.commonatt.basicatt.id@xml:id
@y(optional)Encodes a y coordinate for a feature in an output coordinate system. When it is necessary to record the placement of a feature in a facsimile image, use the facs attribute. Value is a decimal number.
<octave>att.octave.visatt.xy@y
(MEI.shared) Attributes common to many elements.
(MEI.shared) Attributes that form the basis of the att.common class.
@xml:base(optional)Provides a base URI reference with which applications can resolve relative URI references into absolute URI references. Value conforms to data.URI.
(MEI.shared) Attributes that uniquely identify an element.
@xml:id(optional)Regularizes the naming of an element and thus facilitates building links between it and other resources. Each id attribute within a document must have a unique value. Value is a valid xml:id.
(MEI.shared)
@label(optional)Captures text to be used to generate a label for the element to which it’s attached, a "tool tip" or prefatory text, for example. Should not be used to record document content. Value is plain text.
(MEI.shared) Attributes that specify element-to-element relationships.
@copyof(optional)Points to an element of which the current element is a copy. Value conforms to data.URI.
@corresp(optional)Used to point to other elements that correspond to this one in a generic fashion. One or more values from data.URI, separated by spaces.
@follows(optional)points to one or more events in a user-defined collection that are known to be predecessors of the current element. One or more values from data.URI, separated by spaces.
@next(optional)Used to point to the next event(s) in a user-defined collection. One or more values from data.URI, separated by spaces.
@precedes(optional)Points to one or more events in a user-defined collection that are known to be successors of the current element. One or more values from data.URI, separated by spaces.
@prev(optional)Points to the previous event(s) in a user-defined collection. One or more values from data.URI, separated by spaces.
@sameas(optional)Points to an element that is the same as the current element but is not a literal copy of the current element. One or more values from data.URI, separated by spaces.
@synch(optional)Points to elements that are synchronous with the current element. One or more values from data.URI, separated by spaces.
(MEI.shared) Attributes used to supply a number-like designation for an element.
@n(optional)Provides a number-like designation that indicates an element’s position in a sequence of similar elements. May not contain space characters. Value conforms to data.WORD.
(MEI.shared) Attributes capturing information regarding responsibility for some aspect of the text's creation, transcription, editing, or encoding.
@resp(optional)Indicates the agent(s) responsible for some aspect of the text’s transcription, editing, or encoding. Its value must point to one or more identifiers declared in the document header. One or more values from data.URI, separated by spaces.
(MEI.shared) Attributes which can be used to classify features.
@type(optional)Designation which characterizes the element in some sense, using any convenient classification scheme or typology that employs single-token labels. One or more values of datatype NMTOKEN, separated by spaces.
(MEI.shared) Attributes which can be used to classify features.
@class(optional)Contains one or more URIs which denote classification terms that apply to the entity bearing this attribute. One or more values from data.URI, separated by spaces.
(MEI.facsimile) Attributes that associate a feature corresponding with all or part of an image.
@facs(optional)Points to one or more images, portions of an image, or surfaces which correspond to the current element. One or more values from data.URI, separated by spaces.
(MEI.cmn) Logical domain attributes.
@coll(optional)Indicates whether the octave displacement should be performed simultaneously with the written notes, i.e., "coll' ottava". Unlike other octave signs which are indicated by broken lines, coll' ottava typically uses an unbroken line or a series of longer broken lines, ending with a short vertical stroke. See Read, p. 47-48. Allowed values are: "coll" (Coll' ottava (with the octave).)
(MEI.shared) Attributes shared by events which rely on other events for their existence. For example, a slur/phrase marking must be drawn between or over a group of notes. The slur is therefore a control event.
(MEI.performance) Temporal alignment attributes.
@when(optional)Indicates the point of occurrence of this feature along a time line. Its value must be the ID of a <when> element elsewhere in the document. Value conforms to data.URI.
(MEI.shared) Attributes that identify the layer to which a feature applies.
@layer(optional)Identifies the layer to which a feature applies. One or more values of datatype positiveInteger, separated by spaces.
(MEI.shared) Attributes for identifying the part in which the current feature appears.
@part(optional)Indicates the part in which the current feature should appear. Use '%all' when the feature should occur in every part. One or more values of datatype a string matching the following regular expression: "(%all|#[\i][\c]+)" , separated by spaces.
@partstaff(optional)Signifies the part staff on which a notated feature occurs. Use '%all' when the feature should occur on every staff. One or more values of datatype a string matching the following regular expression: "(%all|\d+(-\d+)?)" , separated by spaces.
(MEI.shared) Attributes listing the active participants in a user-defined collection.
@plist(optional)When the target attribute is present, plist identifies the active participants; that is, those entities pointed "from", in a relationship with the specified target(s). When the target attribute is not present, it identifies participants in a mutual relationship. One or more values from data.URI, separated by spaces.
(MEI.shared) Attributes for identifying the staff associated with the current feature.
@staff(optional)Signifies the staff on which a notated event occurs or to which a control event applies. Mandatory when applicable. One or more values of datatype positiveInteger, separated by spaces.
(MEI.shared) Attributes that deal with resolution of values in plist or target attributes.
@evaluate(optional)Specifies the intended meaning when a participant in a relationship is itself a pointer. Allowed values are: "all" (If an element pointed to is itself a pointer, then the target of that pointer will be taken, and so on, until an element is found which is not a pointer.), "one" (If an element pointed to is itself a pointer, then its target (whether a pointer or not) is taken as the target of this pointer.), "none" (No further evaluation of targets is carried out beyond that needed to find the element(s) specified in plist or target attribute.)
(MEI.shared) Attributes that record a time stamp in terms of musical time, , beats[.fractional beat part].
@tstamp(optional)Encodes the onset time in terms of musical time, i.e., beats[.fractional beat part], as expressed in the written time signature. Value conforms to data.BEAT.
(MEI.gestural) Attributes that record a performed (as opposed to notated) time stamp.
@tstamp.ges(optional)Encodes the onset time in terms of musical time, i.e., beats[.fractional beat part], as expressed in the written time signature. Value conforms to data.BEAT.
@tstamp.real(optional)Records the onset time in terms of ISO time. Value conforms to data.ISOTIME.
(MEI.shared) Attributes that permit total duration to be represented by multiple values.
@dur(optional)When a duration cannot be represented as a single power-of-two value, multiple space-separated values that add up to the total duration may be used. One or more values from data.DURATION, separated by spaces.
(MEI.shared) Attributes describing the amount and direction of octave displacement.
@dis(optional)Records the amount of octave displacement. Value conforms to data.OCTAVE.DIS.
@dis.place(optional)Records the direction of octave displacement. Value conforms to data.STAFFREL.basic.
(MEI.shared) Attributes recording the identifiers of the first and last elements of a sequence of elements to which the current element is associated.
@endid(optional)Indicates the final element in a sequence of events to which the feature applies. Value conforms to data.URI.
(MEI.shared) Attributes that identify a relative starting point.
@startid(optional)Holds a reference to the first element in a sequence of events to which the feature applies. Value conforms to data.URI.
(MEI.shared) Attributes that record a time stamp for the end of an event in terms of musical time.
@tstamp2(optional)Encodes the ending point of an event, i.e., a count of measures plus a beat location in the ending measure. Value conforms to data.MEASUREBEAT.
(MEI.visual) Visual domain attributes.
(MEI.shared) Visual color attributes.
@color(optional)Used to indicate visual appearance. Do not confuse this with the musical term 'color' as used in pre-CMN notation. Value conforms to data.COLOR.
(MEI.shared) Attributes that describe extension symbols, typically lines. Members of this class are also typically members of the att.lineRend class.
@extender(optional)Indicates the presence of an extension symbol, typically a line. Value conforms to data.BOOLEAN.
(MEI.shared) Attributes that record the visual rendition of lines.
@lendsym(optional)Symbol rendered at end of line. Value conforms to data.LINESTARTENDSYMBOL.
@lendsym.size(optional)Holds the relative size of the line-end symbol. Value conforms to data.FONTSIZESCALE.
@lstartsym(optional)Symbol rendered at start of line. Value conforms to data.LINESTARTENDSYMBOL.
@lstartsym.size(optional)Holds the relative size of the line-start symbol. Value conforms to data.FONTSIZESCALE.
(MEI.shared) Attributes that record the basic visual rendition of lines.
@lform(optional)Describes the style of a line. Value conforms to data.LINEFORM.
@lwidth(optional)Width of a line. Value conforms to data.LINEWIDTH.
@lsegs(optional)Describes the number of segments into which a dashed or dotted line may be divided, or the number of "peaks" of a wavy line; a pair of space-separated values (minimum and maximum, respectively) provides a range between which a rendering system-supplied value may fall, while a single value indicates a fixed amount of space; that is, the minimum and maximum values are equal. One or two values of datatype a positive integer no smaller than 2, separated by a space.
(MEI.shared) Attributes that record grouping of vertically aligned elements.
@vgrp(optional)Provides a label for members of a vertically aligned group. Value is a positive integer.
(MEI.shared) Visual offset attributes. Some items may have their location recorded in terms of offsets from their programmatically-determined location. The ho attribute records the horizontal offset while vo records the vertical. The to attribute holds a timestamp offset, the most common use of which is as an alternative to the ho attribute.
(MEI.shared) Horizontal offset attributes.
@ho(optional)Records a horizontal adjustment to a feature’s programmatically-determined location in terms of staff interline distance; that is, in units of 1/2 the distance between adjacent staff lines. Value conforms to data.MEASUREMENTSIGNED.
(MEI.shared) Horizontal offset attributes specified in terms of time.
@to(optional)Records a timestamp adjustment of a feature’s programmatically-determined location in terms of musical time; that is, beats. Value conforms to data.TSTAMPOFFSET.
(MEI.shared) Vertical offset attributes.
@vo(optional)Records the vertical adjustment of a feature’s programmatically-determined location in terms of staff interline distance; that is, in units of 1/2 the distance between adjacent staff lines. Value conforms to data.MEASUREMENTSIGNED.
(MEI.shared) Horizontal offset requiring a pair of attributes.
@startho(optional)Records the horizontal adjustment of a feature’s programmatically-determined start point. Value conforms to data.MEASUREMENTSIGNED.
@endho(optional)Records the horizontal adjustment of a feature’s programmatically-determined end point. Value conforms to data.MEASUREMENTSIGNED.
(MEI.shared) Horizontal offset attributes requiring a pair of attributes specified in terms of time.
@startto(optional)Records a timestamp adjustment of a feature’s programmatically-determined start point. Value conforms to data.TSTAMPOFFSET.
@endto(optional)Records a timestamp adjustment of a feature’s programmatically-determined end point. Value conforms to data.TSTAMPOFFSET.
(MEI.shared) Output coordinate attributes. Some elements may have their exact rendered *output* coordinates recorded. x and y attributes indicate where to place the rendered output. Recording the coordinates of a feature in a facsimile requires the use of the facs attribute.
@x(optional)Encodes an x coordinate for a feature in an output coordinate system. When it is necessary to record the placement of a feature in a facsimile image, use the facs attribute. Value is a decimal number.
@y(optional)Encodes a y coordinate for a feature in an output coordinate system. When it is necessary to record the placement of a feature in a facsimile image, use the facs attribute. Value is a decimal number.
(MEI.gestural) Gestural domain attributes.
(MEI.gestural) Attributes that record performed duration that differs from a feature’s written duration.
@dur.ges(optional)Records performed duration information that differs from the written duration; @dur.ges allows the same datatypes as @dur. Values of @dur.ges that require dots should also use @dots.ges. Value conforms to data.DURATION.GESTURAL.
@dots.ges(optional)Number of dots required for a gestural duration when different from that of the written duration. Value conforms to data.AUGMENTDOT.
@dur.metrical(optional)Duration as a count of units provided in the time signature denominator. Value is a decimal number.
@dur.ppq(optional)Duration recorded as pulses-per-quarter note, e.g., MIDI clicks or MusicXML divisions. Value is a positive integer, including 0.
@dur.real(optional)Duration in seconds, e.g., 1.732. Value is a decimal number.
@dur.recip(optional)Duration as an optionally dotted Humdrum **recip value. Value is a token.
(MEI.gestural) Attributes that record a performed (as opposed to notated) time stamp for the end of an event.
@tstamp2.ges(optional)Encodes the ending point of an event, i.e., a count of measures plus a beat location in the ending measure. Value conforms to data.MEASUREBEAT.
@tstamp2.real(optional)Records the ending point of an event in terms of ISO time. Value conforms to data.ISOTIME.
(MEI.analytical) Analytical domain attributes.
Common Music Notation (CMN) repertoire component declarations.
@coll(optional)Indicates whether the octave displacement should be performed simultaneously with the written notes, i.e., "coll' ottava". Unlike other octave signs which are indicated by broken lines, coll' ottava typically uses an unbroken line or a series of longer broken lines, ending with a short vertical stroke. See Read, p. 47-48. Allowed values are: "coll" (Coll' ottava (with the octave).)
Facsimile component declarations.
@facs(optional)Points to one or more images, portions of an image, or surfaces which correspond to the current element. One or more values from data.URI, separated by spaces.
Gestural component declarations.
@dots.ges(optional)Number of dots required for a gestural duration when different from that of the written duration. Value conforms to data.AUGMENTDOT.
@dur.ges(optional)Records performed duration information that differs from the written duration; @dur.ges allows the same datatypes as @dur. Values of @dur.ges that require dots should also use @dots.ges. Value conforms to data.DURATION.GESTURAL.
@dur.metrical(optional)Duration as a count of units provided in the time signature denominator. Value is a decimal number.
@dur.ppq(optional)Duration recorded as pulses-per-quarter note, e.g., MIDI clicks or MusicXML divisions. Value is a positive integer, including 0.
@dur.real(optional)Duration in seconds, e.g., 1.732. Value is a decimal number.
@dur.recip(optional)Duration as an optionally dotted Humdrum **recip value. Value is a token.
@tstamp.ges(optional)Encodes the onset time in terms of musical time, i.e., beats[.fractional beat part], as expressed in the written time signature. Value conforms to data.BEAT.
@tstamp.real(optional)Records the onset time in terms of ISO time. Value conforms to data.ISOTIME.
@tstamp2.ges(optional)Encodes the ending point of an event, i.e., a count of measures plus a beat location in the ending measure. Value conforms to data.MEASUREBEAT.
@tstamp2.real(optional)Records the ending point of an event in terms of ISO time. Value conforms to data.ISOTIME.
Performance component declarations.
@when(optional)Indicates the point of occurrence of this feature along a time line. Its value must be the ID of a <when> element elsewhere in the document. Value conforms to data.URI.
Component declarations that are shared between two or more modules.
@class(optional)Contains one or more URIs which denote classification terms that apply to the entity bearing this attribute. One or more values from data.URI, separated by spaces.
@color(optional)Used to indicate visual appearance. Do not confuse this with the musical term 'color' as used in pre-CMN notation. Value conforms to data.COLOR.
@copyof(optional)Points to an element of which the current element is a copy. Value conforms to data.URI.
@corresp(optional)Used to point to other elements that correspond to this one in a generic fashion. One or more values from data.URI, separated by spaces.
@dis(optional)Records the amount of octave displacement. Value conforms to data.OCTAVE.DIS.
@dis.place(optional)Records the direction of octave displacement. Value conforms to data.STAFFREL.basic.
@dur(optional)When a duration cannot be represented as a single power-of-two value, multiple space-separated values that add up to the total duration may be used. One or more values from data.DURATION, separated by spaces.
@endho(optional)Records the horizontal adjustment of a feature’s programmatically-determined end point. Value conforms to data.MEASUREMENTSIGNED.
@endid(optional)Indicates the final element in a sequence of events to which the feature applies. Value conforms to data.URI.
@endto(optional)Records a timestamp adjustment of a feature’s programmatically-determined end point. Value conforms to data.TSTAMPOFFSET.
@evaluate(optional)Specifies the intended meaning when a participant in a relationship is itself a pointer. Allowed values are: "all" (If an element pointed to is itself a pointer, then the target of that pointer will be taken, and so on, until an element is found which is not a pointer.), "one" (If an element pointed to is itself a pointer, then its target (whether a pointer or not) is taken as the target of this pointer.), "none" (No further evaluation of targets is carried out beyond that needed to find the element(s) specified in plist or target attribute.)
@extender(optional)Indicates the presence of an extension symbol, typically a line. Value conforms to data.BOOLEAN.
@follows(optional)points to one or more events in a user-defined collection that are known to be predecessors of the current element. One or more values from data.URI, separated by spaces.
@ho(optional)Records a horizontal adjustment to a feature’s programmatically-determined location in terms of staff interline distance; that is, in units of 1/2 the distance between adjacent staff lines. Value conforms to data.MEASUREMENTSIGNED.
@label(optional)Captures text to be used to generate a label for the element to which it’s attached, a "tool tip" or prefatory text, for example. Should not be used to record document content. Value is plain text.
@layer(optional)Identifies the layer to which a feature applies. One or more values of datatype positiveInteger, separated by spaces.
@lendsym(optional)Symbol rendered at end of line. Value conforms to data.LINESTARTENDSYMBOL.
@lendsym.size(optional)Holds the relative size of the line-end symbol. Value conforms to data.FONTSIZESCALE.
@lform(optional)Describes the style of a line. Value conforms to data.LINEFORM.
@lsegs(optional)Describes the number of segments into which a dashed or dotted line may be divided, or the number of "peaks" of a wavy line; a pair of space-separated values (minimum and maximum, respectively) provides a range between which a rendering system-supplied value may fall, while a single value indicates a fixed amount of space; that is, the minimum and maximum values are equal. One or two values of datatype a positive integer no smaller than 2, separated by a space.
@lstartsym(optional)Symbol rendered at start of line. Value conforms to data.LINESTARTENDSYMBOL.
@lstartsym.size(optional)Holds the relative size of the line-start symbol. Value conforms to data.FONTSIZESCALE.
@lwidth(optional)Width of a line. Value conforms to data.LINEWIDTH.
@n(optional)Provides a number-like designation that indicates an element’s position in a sequence of similar elements. May not contain space characters. Value conforms to data.WORD.
@next(optional)Used to point to the next event(s) in a user-defined collection. One or more values from data.URI, separated by spaces.
@part(optional)Indicates the part in which the current feature should appear. Use '%all' when the feature should occur in every part. One or more values of datatype a string matching the following regular expression: "(%all|#[\i][\c]+)" , separated by spaces.
@partstaff(optional)Signifies the part staff on which a notated feature occurs. Use '%all' when the feature should occur on every staff. One or more values of datatype a string matching the following regular expression: "(%all|\d+(-\d+)?)" , separated by spaces.
@plist(optional)When the target attribute is present, plist identifies the active participants; that is, those entities pointed "from", in a relationship with the specified target(s). When the target attribute is not present, it identifies participants in a mutual relationship. One or more values from data.URI, separated by spaces.
@precedes(optional)Points to one or more events in a user-defined collection that are known to be successors of the current element. One or more values from data.URI, separated by spaces.
@prev(optional)Points to the previous event(s) in a user-defined collection. One or more values from data.URI, separated by spaces.
@resp(optional)Indicates the agent(s) responsible for some aspect of the text’s transcription, editing, or encoding. Its value must point to one or more identifiers declared in the document header. One or more values from data.URI, separated by spaces.
@sameas(optional)Points to an element that is the same as the current element but is not a literal copy of the current element. One or more values from data.URI, separated by spaces.
@staff(optional)Signifies the staff on which a notated event occurs or to which a control event applies. Mandatory when applicable. One or more values of datatype positiveInteger, separated by spaces.
@startho(optional)Records the horizontal adjustment of a feature’s programmatically-determined start point. Value conforms to data.MEASUREMENTSIGNED.
@startid(optional)Holds a reference to the first element in a sequence of events to which the feature applies. Value conforms to data.URI.
@startto(optional)Records a timestamp adjustment of a feature’s programmatically-determined start point. Value conforms to data.TSTAMPOFFSET.
@synch(optional)Points to elements that are synchronous with the current element. One or more values from data.URI, separated by spaces.
@to(optional)Records a timestamp adjustment of a feature’s programmatically-determined location in terms of musical time; that is, beats. Value conforms to data.TSTAMPOFFSET.
@tstamp(optional)Encodes the onset time in terms of musical time, i.e., beats[.fractional beat part], as expressed in the written time signature. Value conforms to data.BEAT.
@tstamp2(optional)Encodes the ending point of an event, i.e., a count of measures plus a beat location in the ending measure. Value conforms to data.MEASUREBEAT.
@type(optional)Designation which characterizes the element in some sense, using any convenient classification scheme or typology that employs single-token labels. One or more values of datatype NMTOKEN, separated by spaces.
@vgrp(optional)Provides a label for members of a vertically aligned group. Value is a positive integer.
@vo(optional)Records the vertical adjustment of a feature’s programmatically-determined location in terms of staff interline distance; that is, in units of 1/2 the distance between adjacent staff lines. Value conforms to data.MEASUREMENTSIGNED.
@x(optional)Encodes an x coordinate for a feature in an output coordinate system. When it is necessary to record the placement of a feature in a facsimile image, use the facs attribute. Value is a decimal number.
@xml:base(optional)Provides a base URI reference with which applications can resolve relative URI references into absolute URI references. Value conforms to data.URI.
@xml:id(optional)Regularizes the naming of an element and thus facilitates building links between it and other resources. Each id attribute within a document must have a unique value. Value is a valid xml:id.
@y(optional)Encodes a y coordinate for a feature in an output coordinate system. When it is necessary to record the placement of a feature in a facsimile image, use the facs attribute. Value is a decimal number.
Member of
model.controlEventLike.cmnGroups control events that appear in CMN.
Contained By
(MEI.cmn) Groups control events that appear in CMN.
(MEI.cmn) Groups elements that may appear within a CMN measure.
<measure>Unit of musical time consisting of a fixed number of note values of a given type, as determined by the prevailing meter, and delimited in musical notation by bar lines.
(MEI.critapp) Groups elements that may appear as part of a musical variant.
(MEI.critapp) Groups elements that may appear as part of a textual or musical variant.
<lem>Contains the lemma, or base text, of a textual variation.
<rdg>Contains a single reading within a textual variation.
(MEI.edittrans) Groups elements that may appear as part of editorial and transcription elements in music notation.
(MEI.edittrans) Groups elements that may appear as part of editorial and transcription elements.
<abbr>A generic element for 1) a shortened form of a word, including an acronym or 2) a shorthand notation.
<add>Marks an addition to the text.
<corr>Contains the correct form of an apparent erroneous passage.
<damage>Contains an area of damage to the physical medium.
<del>Contains information deleted, marked as deleted, or otherwise indicated as superfluous or spurious in the copy text by an author, scribe, annotator, or corrector.
<expan>Contains the expansion of an abbreviation.
<orig>Contains material which is marked as following the original, rather than being normalized or corrected.
<reg>Contains material which has been regularized or normalized in some sense.
<restore>Indicates restoration of material to an earlier state by cancellation of an editorial or authorial marking or instruction.
<sic>Contains apparently incorrect or inaccurate material.
<supplied>Contains material supplied by the transcriber or editor for any reason.
<unclear>Contains material that cannot be transcribed with certainty because it is illegible or inaudible in the source.
Common Music Notation (CMN) repertoire component declarations.
<measure>Unit of musical time consisting of a fixed number of note values of a given type, as determined by the prevailing meter, and delimited in musical notation by bar lines.
Critical apparatus component declarations.
<lem>Contains the lemma, or base text, of a textual variation.
<rdg>Contains a single reading within a textual variation.
Editorial and transcriptional component declarations.
<abbr>A generic element for 1) a shortened form of a word, including an acronym or 2) a shorthand notation.
<add>Marks an addition to the text.
<corr>Contains the correct form of an apparent erroneous passage.
<damage>Contains an area of damage to the physical medium.
<del>Contains information deleted, marked as deleted, or otherwise indicated as superfluous or spurious in the copy text by an author, scribe, annotator, or corrector.
<expan>Contains the expansion of an abbreviation.
<orig>Contains material which is marked as following the original, rather than being normalized or corrected.
<reg>Contains material which has been regularized or normalized in some sense.
<restore>Indicates restoration of material to an earlier state by cancellation of an editorial or authorial marking or instruction.
<sic>Contains apparently incorrect or inaccurate material.
<supplied>Contains material supplied by the transcriber or editor for any reason.
<unclear>Contains material that cannot be transcribed with certainty because it is illegible or inaudible in the source.
May Contain
textual content
(MEI.shared) Groups textual elements that occur at the level of individual words or phrases. This class is equivalent to the model.textPhraseLike class without the pb element.
<dedicatee>Entity to whom a creative work is formally offered.
<dimensions>Information about the physical size of an entity; usually includes numerical data.
<extent>Used to express size in terms other than physical dimensions, such as number of pages, records, bytes, physical components, etc.
<seg>represents any segmentation of text below the "text component" level.
<symbol>A reference to a previously defined symbol.
<term>Keyword or phrase which describes a resource.
(MEI.figtable) Groups elements representing or containing graphic information such as an illustration or figure.
<fig>Groups elements representing or containing graphic information such as an illustration or figure.
(MEI.msDesc) Groups elements that may appear inline when the msdesc module is active.
<catchwords>Describes the system used to ensure correct ordering of the quires making up an item, typically by means of annotations at the foot of the page.
<heraldry>Contains a heraldic formula or phrase, typically found as part of a blazon, coat of arms, etc.
<locus>Defines a location within a manuscript or manuscript component, usually as a (possibly discontinuous) sequence of folio references.
<locusGrp>Groups locations which together form a distinct but discontinuous item within a manuscript or manuscript part, according to a specific foliation.
<secFolio>Marks the word or words taken from a fixed point in a codex (typically the beginning of the second leaf) in order to provide a unique identifier for the item.
<signatures>Provides a description of the leaf or quire signatures found within a codex.
<stamp>Contains a word or phrase describing an official mark indicating ownership, genuineness, validity, etc.
(MEI.namesdates) Groups elements used as part of a physical address.
<postBox>Contains a number or other identifier for some postal delivery point other than a street address.
<postCode>Contains a numerical or alphanumeric code used as part of a postal address to simplify sorting or delivery of mail.
<street>full street address including any name or number identifying a building as well as the name of the street or route on which it is located.
(MEI.namesdates) Groups elements which form part of a geographic name.
<bloc>Contains the name of a geopolitical unit consisting of two or more nation states or countries.
<country>Contains the name of a geopolitical unit, such as a nation, country, colony, or commonwealth, larger than or administratively superior to a region and smaller than a bloc.
<district>Contains the name of any kind of subdivision of a settlement, such as a parish, ward, or other administrative or geographic unit.
<geogFeat>Contains a common noun identifying a geographical feature.
<region>Contains the name of an administrative unit such as a state, province, or county, larger than a settlement, but smaller than a country.
<settlement>Contains the name of a settlement such as a city, town, or village identified as a single geopolitical or administrative unit.
(MEI.namesdates) Groups elements that serve as stylistic labels.
<periodName>A label that describes a period of time, such as 'Baroque' or '3rd Style period'.
<styleName>A label for a characteristic style of writing or performance, such as 'bebop' or 'rock-n-roll'.
(MEI.ptrref) Groups elements used for purposes of location and reference.
<ptr>Defines a traversible pointer to another location, using only attributes to describe the destination.
<ref>Defines a traversible reference to another location. May contain text and sub-elements that describe the destination.
(MEI.shared) Groups elements used to represent a postal address.
<address>Contains a postal address, for example of a publisher, an organization, or an individual.
(MEI.shared) Groups annotation-like elements.
<annot>Provides a statement explaining the text or indicating the basis for an assertion.
(MEI.shared) Groups elements containing a bibliographic description.
<bibl>Provides a loosely-structured bibliographic citation in which the sub-components may or may not be explicitly marked.
<biblStruct>Contains a bibliographic citation in which bibliographic sub-elements must appear in a specified order.
(MEI.shared) Groups elements containing date expressions.
<date>A string identifying a point in time or the time period between two such points.
(MEI.shared) Groups elements which describe a measurement forming part of the physical dimensions of an object.
<depth>Description of a measurement taken through a three-dimensional object.
<dim>Any single dimensional specification.
<height>Description of the vertical size of an object.
<width>Description of the horizontal size of an object.
(MEI.shared) Groups editorial intervention elements.
<abbr>A generic element for 1) a shortened form of a word, including an acronym or 2) a shorthand notation.
<expan>Contains the expansion of an abbreviation.
(MEI.shared) Groups identifier-like elements.
<identifier>An alpha-numeric string that establishes the identity of the described material.
(MEI.shared) Groups elements that function like line beginnings.
<lb>An empty formatting element that forces text to begin on a new line.
(MEI.shared) Groups elements that represent a measurement.
(MEI.shared) Groups elements that denote a number or a quantity.
<num>Numeric information in any form.
(MEI.shared) Groups elements that contain names.
<name>Proper noun or noun phrase.
(MEI.namesdates) Groups elements which contain names of individuals or corporate bodies.
<corpName>Identifies an organization or group of people that acts as a single entity.
<persName>Designation for an individual, including any or all of that individual's forenames, surnames, honorific titles, and added names.
(MEI.namesdates) Groups place name elements.
(MEI.namesdates) Groups geographic name elements.
<geogName>The proper noun designation for a place, natural feature, or political jurisdiction.
(MEI.shared) Groups elements that denote a corporate entity that holds a bibliographic item.
<repository>Institution, agency, or individual which holds a bibliographic item.
(MEI.shared) Collects elements that express a relationship.
<relation>Describes a relationship or linkage amongst entities.
<relationList>Gathers relation elements.
(MEI.shared) Groups elements that mark typographical features.
<rend>A formatting element indicating special visual rendering, e.g., bold or italicized, of a text word or phrase.
<stack>An inline table with a single column.
(MEI.shared) Groups elements that denote the name of a bibliographic item.
<title>Title of a bibliographic entity.
(MEI.text) Groups elements related to highlighting which can appear at the phrase-level.
<q>Contains material which is distinguished from the surrounding phrase-level text using quotation marks or a similar method. Use <quote> for block-level quotations.
textual content
Editorial and transcriptional component declarations.
<abbr>A generic element for 1) a shortened form of a word, including an acronym or 2) a shorthand notation.
<expan>Contains the expansion of an abbreviation.
Figures and tables component declarations.
<fig>Groups elements representing or containing graphic information such as an illustration or figure.
Manuscript description component declarations.
<catchwords>Describes the system used to ensure correct ordering of the quires making up an item, typically by means of annotations at the foot of the page.
<heraldry>Contains a heraldic formula or phrase, typically found as part of a blazon, coat of arms, etc.
<locus>Defines a location within a manuscript or manuscript component, usually as a (possibly discontinuous) sequence of folio references.
<locusGrp>Groups locations which together form a distinct but discontinuous item within a manuscript or manuscript part, according to a specific foliation.
<secFolio>Marks the word or words taken from a fixed point in a codex (typically the beginning of the second leaf) in order to provide a unique identifier for the item.
<signatures>Provides a description of the leaf or quire signatures found within a codex.
<stamp>Contains a word or phrase describing an official mark indicating ownership, genuineness, validity, etc.
Names and dates component declarations.
<bloc>Contains the name of a geopolitical unit consisting of two or more nation states or countries.
<corpName>Identifies an organization or group of people that acts as a single entity.
<country>Contains the name of a geopolitical unit, such as a nation, country, colony, or commonwealth, larger than or administratively superior to a region and smaller than a bloc.
<district>Contains the name of any kind of subdivision of a settlement, such as a parish, ward, or other administrative or geographic unit.
<geogFeat>Contains a common noun identifying a geographical feature.
<geogName>The proper noun designation for a place, natural feature, or political jurisdiction.
<periodName>A label that describes a period of time, such as 'Baroque' or '3rd Style period'.
<persName>Designation for an individual, including any or all of that individual's forenames, surnames, honorific titles, and added names.
<postBox>Contains a number or other identifier for some postal delivery point other than a street address.
<postCode>Contains a numerical or alphanumeric code used as part of a postal address to simplify sorting or delivery of mail.
<region>Contains the name of an administrative unit such as a state, province, or county, larger than a settlement, but smaller than a country.
<settlement>Contains the name of a settlement such as a city, town, or village identified as a single geopolitical or administrative unit.
<street>full street address including any name or number identifying a building as well as the name of the street or route on which it is located.
<styleName>A label for a characteristic style of writing or performance, such as 'bebop' or 'rock-n-roll'.
Pointer and reference component declarations.
<ptr>Defines a traversible pointer to another location, using only attributes to describe the destination.
<ref>Defines a traversible reference to another location. May contain text and sub-elements that describe the destination.
Component declarations that are shared between two or more modules.
<address>Contains a postal address, for example of a publisher, an organization, or an individual.
<annot>Provides a statement explaining the text or indicating the basis for an assertion.
<bibl>Provides a loosely-structured bibliographic citation in which the sub-components may or may not be explicitly marked.
<biblStruct>Contains a bibliographic citation in which bibliographic sub-elements must appear in a specified order.
<date>A string identifying a point in time or the time period between two such points.
<dedicatee>Entity to whom a creative work is formally offered.
<depth>Description of a measurement taken through a three-dimensional object.
<dim>Any single dimensional specification.
<dimensions>Information about the physical size of an entity; usually includes numerical data.
<extent>Used to express size in terms other than physical dimensions, such as number of pages, records, bytes, physical components, etc.
<height>Description of the vertical size of an object.
<identifier>An alpha-numeric string that establishes the identity of the described material.
<lb>An empty formatting element that forces text to begin on a new line.
<name>Proper noun or noun phrase.
<num>Numeric information in any form.
<relation>Describes a relationship or linkage amongst entities.
<relationList>Gathers relation elements.
<rend>A formatting element indicating special visual rendering, e.g., bold or italicized, of a text word or phrase.
<repository>Institution, agency, or individual which holds a bibliographic item.
<stack>An inline table with a single column.
<symbol>A reference to a previously defined symbol.
<term>Keyword or phrase which describes a resource.
<title>Title of a bibliographic entity.
<width>Description of the horizontal size of an object.
Text component declarations.
<q>Contains material which is distinguished from the surrounding phrase-level text using quotation marks or a similar method. Use <quote> for block-level quotations.
<seg>represents any segmentation of text below the "text component" level.
Remarks

The @dis and @dis.place attributes record the amount and direction of displacement, respectively. The @lform and @lwidth attributes capture the appearance of the continuation line associated with the octave displacement. The starting point of the octave displacement may be indicated by either a @startid, @tstamp, @tstamp.ges, or @tstamp.real attribute, while the ending point may be recorded by either a @dur, @dur.ges, @endid, or @tstamp2 attribute. It is a semantic error not to specify one starting and one ending type of attribute. Also, note that the @dur attribute is not required because the octave displacement can be visually instantaneous.

Constraints

Must have one of the attributes: startid, tstamp, tstamp.ges or tstamp.real.
Must have one of the attributes: dur, dur.ges, endid, or tstamp2.

Declaration
<elementSpec ident="octave" module="MEI.cmn">
<desc xml:lang="en">An indication that a passage should be performed one or more octaves above or below its written pitch.</desc>
<classes>
<memberOf key="att.common"/>
<memberOf key="att.facsimile"/>
<memberOf key="att.octave.log"/>
<memberOf key="att.octave.vis"/>
<memberOf key="att.octave.ges"/>
<memberOf key="att.octave.anl"/>
<memberOf key="model.controlEventLike.cmn"/>
</classes>
<content>
<rng:zeroOrMore>
<rng:choice>
<rng:text/>
<rng:ref name="model.textPhraseLike.limited"/>
</rng:choice>
</rng:zeroOrMore>
</content>
<constraintSpec ident="octave_start-_and_end-type_attributes_required" scheme="schematron">
<constraint>
<sch:rule context="mei:octave">
<sch:assert test="@startid or @tstamp or @tstamp.ges or @tstamp.real">Must have one of the attributes: startid, tstamp, tstamp.ges or tstamp.real.</sch:assert>
<sch:assert test="@dur or @dur.ges or @endid or @tstamp2">Must have one of the attributes: dur, dur.ges, endid, or tstamp2.</sch:assert>
</sch:rule>
</constraint>
</constraintSpec>
<remarks xml:lang="en">
<p>The <att>dis</att> and <att>dis.place</att> attributes record the amount and direction of displacement, respectively. The <att>lform</att> and <att>lwidth</att> attributes capture the appearance of the continuation line associated with the octave displacement. The starting point of the octave displacement may be indicated by either a <att>startid</att>, <att>tstamp</att>, <att>tstamp.ges</att>, or <att>tstamp.real</att> attribute, while the ending point may be recorded by either a <att>dur</att>, <att>dur.ges</att>, <att>endid</att>, or <att>tstamp2</att> attribute. It is a semantic error not to specify one starting and one ending type of attribute. Also, note that the <att>dur</att> attribute is not required because the octave displacement can be visually instantaneous.</p>
</remarks>
</elementSpec>
MEI Version: 6.0-dev(#c952b38)