facs(optional)Points to one or more images, portions of an image, or surfaces which correspond to
the current element.
One or more values from data.URI, separated by spaces.
<att.facsimile>direct children@facs
facs(optional)Points to one or more images, portions of an image, or surfaces which correspond to
the current element.
One or more values from data.URI, separated by spaces.
Facsimile component declarations.
facs(optional)Points to one or more images, portions of an image, or surfaces which correspond to
the current element.
One or more values from data.URI, separated by spaces.
ambNoteHighest or lowest pitch in a score, staff, or layer.
anchoredTextContainer for text that is fixed to a particular page location, regardless of changes
made
to the layout of the measures around it.
annotProvides a statement explaining the text or indicating the basis for an
assertion.
argumentContains a formal list or prose description of topics addressed.
arpegIndicates that the notes of a chord are to be performed successively
rather than simultaneously, usually from lowest to highest. Sometimes called a "roll".
arrangerA person or organization who transcribes a musical composition, usually for a different
medium from that of the original; in an arrangement the musical substance remains
essentially
unchanged.
articAn indication of how to play a note or chord.
attaccaAn instruction to begin the next section or movement of a composition without
pause.
authorThe name of the creator of the intellectual content of a non-musical, literary
work.
avFileReferences an external digital audio or video file.
backContains any appendixes, advertisements, indexes, etc. following the main
body of a musical text.
barLineVertical line drawn through one or more staves that divides musical notation into
metrical
units.
beamA container for a series of explicitly beamed events that begins and ends entirely
within
a measure.
beamSpanAlternative element for explicitly encoding beams, particularly those which
extend across bar lines.
beatRptAn indication that material on a preceding beat should be repeated.
bendA variation in pitch (often micro-tonal) upwards or downwards during the course of
a
note.
biblProvides a loosely-structured bibliographic citation in which
the sub-components may or may not be explicitly marked.
colophonContains a statement providing information regarding the date, place, agency, or reason
for production of the item.
composerThe name of the creator of the intellectual content of a musical work.
contributorNames of individuals, institutions, or organizations responsible for contributions
to the
intellectual content of a work, where the specialized elements for authors, editors,
etc. do
not suffice or do not apply.
corpNameIdentifies an organization or group of people that acts as a single
entity.
countryContains the name of a geopolitical unit, such as a nation, country, colony, or
commonwealth, larger than or administratively superior to a region and smaller than
a
bloc.
cpMarkA verbal or graphical indication to copy musical material
written elsewhere.
creationNon-bibliographic details of the creation of an intellectual entity, in narrative
form,
such as the date, place, and circumstances of its composition. More detailed information
may
be captured within the history element.
curveA curved line that cannot be represented by a more specific element, such as a
slur.
custosSymbol placed at the end of a line of music to indicate the first note of the next
line.
Sometimes called a "direct".
damageContains an area of damage to the physical medium.
dateA string identifying a point in time or the time period between two such points.
dedicateeEntity to whom a creative work is formally offered.
delContains information deleted, marked as deleted, or otherwise indicated as
superfluous or spurious in the copy text by an author, scribe, annotator, or corrector.
descContainer for text that briefly describes the feature to which it is
attached, including its intended usage, purpose, or application as appropriate.
dirAn instruction expressed as a combination of text and symbols, typically above,
below, or between staves, but not on the staff — that is not encoded elsewhere in
more specific
elements, like tempo, dynam or repeatMark.
distributorPerson or agency, other than a publisher, from which access (including electronic
access)
to a bibliographic entity may be obtained.
districtContains the name of any kind of subdivision of a settlement, such as a parish, ward,
or
other administrative or geographic unit.
divMajor structural division of text, such as a preface, chapter or
section.
divLineRepresents a division (divisio) in neume notation. Divisions indicate short, medium,
or long pauses
similar to breath marks in modern notation.
explicitContains the explicit of a manuscript item; that is, the closing words of the text
proper,
exclusive of any rubric or colophon which might follow it.
extentUsed to express size in terms other than physical dimensions, such as number of pages,
records, bytes, physical components, etc.
famNameContains a family (inherited) name, as opposed to a given, baptismal, or
nick name.
fbSymbols added to a bass line that indicate harmony. Used to improvise a
chordal accompaniment. Sometimes called Generalbass, thoroughbass, or basso continuo.
fermataAn indication placed over a note or rest to indicate that it should be held longer
than
its written value. May also occur over a bar line to indicate the end of a phrase
or section.
Sometimes called a 'hold' or 'pause'.
figGroups elements representing or containing graphic information such as an
illustration or figure.
fingAn individual finger in a fingering indication.
fingGrpA group of individual fingers in a fingering indication.
foreNameContains a forename, given or baptismal name.
frontBundles prefatory text found before the start of the musical text.
fTremA rapid alternation between a pair of notes (or chords or perhaps
between a note and a chord) that are (usually) farther apart than a major second.
funderNames of individuals, institutions, or organizations responsible for funding. Funders
provide financial support for a project; they are distinct from sponsors, who provide
intellectual support and authority.
genNameContains a name component used to distinguish otherwise
similar names on the basis of the relative ages or generations of the persons named.
genreTerm or terms that designate a category characterizing a particular style, form, or
content.
geogFeatContains a common noun identifying a geographical
feature.
geogNameThe proper noun designation for a place, natural feature, or political
jurisdiction.
glissA continuous or sliding movement from one pitch to another, usually
indicated by a straight or wavy line.
graceGrpA container for a sequence of grace notes.
graphicIndicates the location of an inline graphic.
grpSymA brace or bracket used to group two or more staves of a score or
part.
hairpinIndicates continuous dynamics expressed on the score as wedge-shaped graphics, e.g., <
and >.
lContains a single line of text within a line group.
labelA container for document text that identifies the feature to which it is attached.
For a
"tool tip" or other generated label, use the label attribute.
labelAbbrA label on the pages following the first.
lbAn empty formatting element that forces text to begin on a new
line.
lgMay be used for any section of text that is organized as a group of lines;
however, it is most often used for a group of verse lines functioning as a formal
unit, e.g., a
stanza, refrain, verse paragraph, etc.
listA formatting element that contains a series of items separated from one another and
arranged in a linear, often vertical, sequence.
lvA "tie-like" indication that a note should ring beyond its written duration.
lyricistPerson or organization who is a writer of the text of a song.
mdivContains a subdivision of the body of a musical text.
measureUnit of musical time consisting of a fixed number of note values of a given type,
as
determined by the prevailing meter, and delimited in musical notation by bar lines.
mensurCollects information about the metrical relationship between a note value
and the next smaller value; that is, either triple or duple.
metaMarkA graphical or textual statement with additional / explanatory information about the
musical text. The textual consequences of this intervention are encoded independently
via
other means; that is, with elements such as add, del, etc.
meterSigGrpUsed to capture alternating, interchanging, mixed or other non-standard meter signatures.
mNumDesignation, name, or label for a measure, often but not always
consisting of digits. Use this element when the n attribute on measure does not adequately capture the appearance or placement of the measure
number/label.
mordentAn ornament indicating rapid alternation of the main note with a secondary note, usually
a
step below, but sometimes a step above.
phraseIndication of 1) a "unified melodic idea" or 2) performance technique.
physLocGroups information about the current physical location of a
bibliographic item, such as the repository in which it is located and its shelf mark(s),
and
its previous locations.
plateNumDesignation assigned to a resource by a music publisher, usually printed
at the bottom of each page, and sometimes appearing also on the title page.
quoteContains a paragraph-like block of text attributed to an external
source, normally set off from the surrounding text by spacing or other typographic
distinction.
recipientThe name of the individual(s), institution(s) or organization(s) receiving
correspondence.
refrainRecurring lyrics, especially at the end of each verse or stanza of a poem or song
lyrics;
a chorus.
regionContains the name of an administrative unit such as a state, province, or county,
larger
than a settlement, but smaller than a country.
rehIn an orchestral score and its corresponding parts, a mark indicating a
convenient point from which to resume rehearsal after a break.
relatedItemContains or references another bibliographic item which is related to the
present one.
repeatMark
An instruction expressed as a combination of text and symbols – segno and coda – typically
above,
below, or between staves, but not on the staff.
repositoryInstitution, agency, or individual which holds a bibliographic item.
respA phrase describing the nature of intellectual responsibility.
respStmtTranscription of text that names one or more individuals,
groups, or in rare cases, mechanical processes, responsible for creation, realization,
production, funding, or distribution of the intellectual or artistic content.
restA non-sounding event found in the source being transcribed.
restoreIndicates restoration of material to an earlier state by cancellation of an editorial
or
authorial marking or instruction.
roleName of a dramatic role, as given in a cast list.
roleNameContains a name component which indicates that the referent has a particular
role or position in society, such as an official title or rank.
rubricContains a string of words through which a manuscript signals the beginning or end
of a
text division, often with an assertion as to its author and title, which is in some
way set
off from the text itself, usually in red ink, or by use of different size or type
of script,
or some other such visual device.
sbAn empty formatting element that forces musical notation to begin on
a new line.
secFolioMarks the word or words taken from a fixed point in a codex (typically
the beginning of the second leaf) in order to provide a unique identifier for the
item.
slurIndication of 1) a "unified melodic idea" or 2) performance technique.
spContains an individual speech in a performance text.
spaceA placeholder used to fill an incomplete measure, layer, etc. most often so that the
combined duration of the events equals the number of beats in the measure.
speakerContains a specialized form of heading or label, giving the name of one or more speakers
in a dramatic text or fragment.
sponsorNames of sponsoring individuals, organizations or institutions. Sponsors give their
intellectual authority to a project; they are to be distinguished from funders, who
provide
the funding but do not necessarily take intellectual responsibility.
staffA group of equidistant horizontal lines on which notes are placed in order to represent
pitch or a grouping element for individual 'strands' of notes, rests, etc. that may
or may not
actually be rendered on staff lines; that is, both diastematic and non-diastematic
signs.
titlePageContains a transcription of the title page of a text.
titlePartContains a subsection or division of the title of a bibliographic entity.
trA formatting element that contains one or more cells (intersection of a row
and a column) in a table.
trillRapid alternation of a note with another (usually at the interval of a second
above).
tupletA group of notes with "irregular" (sometimes called "irrational") rhythmic values,
for
example, three notes in the time normally occupied by two or nine in the time of five.
tupletSpanAlternative element for encoding tuplets, especially useful for tuplets
that extend across bar lines.
turnAn ornament consisting of four notes — the upper neighbor of the written note, the
written
note, the lower neighbor, and the written note.
unclearContains material that cannot be transcribed with certainty because it is illegible
or
inaudible in the source.
verseDivision of a poem or song lyrics, sometimes having a fixed length, meter or rhyme
scheme;
a stanza.
voltaSung text for a specific iteration of a repeated section of music.
watermarkContains a description of a watermark or similar device.
Common Music Notation (CMN) repertoire component declarations.
arpegIndicates that the notes of a chord are to be performed successively
rather than simultaneously, usually from lowest to highest. Sometimes called a "roll".
attaccaAn instruction to begin the next section or movement of a composition without
pause.
bTremA rapid alternation on a single pitch or chord.
beamA container for a series of explicitly beamed events that begins and ends entirely
within
a measure.
beamSpanAlternative element for explicitly encoding beams, particularly those which
extend across bar lines.
beatRptAn indication that material on a preceding beat should be repeated.
bendA variation in pitch (often micro-tonal) upwards or downwards during the course of
a
note.
bracketSpanMarks a sequence of notational events grouped by a bracket.
breathAn indication of a point at which the performer on an instrument requiring
breath (including the voice) may breathe.
fTremA rapid alternation between a pair of notes (or chords or perhaps
between a note and a chord) that are (usually) farther apart than a major second.
fermataAn indication placed over a note or rest to indicate that it should be held longer
than
its written value. May also occur over a bar line to indicate the end of a phrase
or section.
Sometimes called a 'hold' or 'pause'.
glissA continuous or sliding movement from one pitch to another, usually
indicated by a straight or wavy line.
graceGrpA container for a sequence of grace notes.
hairpinIndicates continuous dynamics expressed on the score as wedge-shaped graphics, e.g., <
and >.
lvA "tie-like" indication that a note should ring beyond its written duration.
mNumDesignation, name, or label for a measure, often but not always
consisting of digits. Use this element when the n attribute on measure does not adequately capture the appearance or placement of the measure
number/label.
mRptAn indication that the previous measure should be repeated.
mRpt2An indication that the previous two measures should be
repeated.
mSpaceA measure containing only empty space in any meter.
measureUnit of musical time consisting of a fixed number of note values of a given type,
as
determined by the prevailing meter, and delimited in musical notation by bar lines.
rehIn an orchestral score and its corresponding parts, a mark indicating a
convenient point from which to resume rehearsal after a break.
repeatMark
An instruction expressed as a combination of text and symbols – segno and coda – typically
above,
below, or between staves, but not on the staff.
slurIndication of 1) a "unified melodic idea" or 2) performance technique.
tieAn indication that two notes of the same pitch form a single note with their combined
rhythmic values.
tupletA group of notes with "irregular" (sometimes called "irrational") rhythmic values,
for
example, three notes in the time normally occupied by two or nine in the time of five.
tupletSpanAlternative element for encoding tuplets, especially useful for tuplets
that extend across bar lines.
CMN ornament component declarations.
mordentAn ornament indicating rapid alternation of the main note with a secondary note, usually
a
step below, but sometimes a step above.
trillRapid alternation of a note with another (usually at the interval of a second
above).
turnAn ornament consisting of four notes — the upper neighbor of the written note, the
written
note, the lower neighbor, and the written note.
Dramatic text component declarations.
spContains an individual speech in a performance text.
stageDirContains any kind of stage direction within a dramatic text or
fragment.
Editorial and transcriptional component declarations.
abbrA generic element for 1) a shortened form of a word, including an acronym
or 2) a shorthand notation.
cpMarkA verbal or graphical indication to copy musical material
written elsewhere.
damageContains an area of damage to the physical medium.
delContains information deleted, marked as deleted, or otherwise indicated as
superfluous or spurious in the copy text by an author, scribe, annotator, or corrector.
handShiftMarks the beginning of a passage written in a new hand, or of a change in the scribe,
writing style, ink or character of the document hand.
metaMarkA graphical or textual statement with additional / explanatory information about the
musical text. The textual consequences of this intervention are encoded independently
via
other means; that is, with elements such as add, del, etc.
origContains material which is marked as following the original, rather than
being normalized or corrected.
restoreIndicates restoration of material to an earlier state by cancellation of an editorial
or
authorial marking or instruction.
sicContains apparently incorrect or inaccurate material.
suppliedContains material supplied by the transcriber or editor for any reason.
unclearContains material that cannot be transcribed with certainty because it is illegible
or
inaudible in the source.
Figures and tables component declarations.
figGroups elements representing or containing graphic information such as an
illustration or figure.
graphicIndicates the location of an inline graphic.
fbSymbols added to a bass line that indicate harmony. Used to improvise a
chordal accompaniment. Sometimes called Generalbass, thoroughbass, or basso continuo.
perfDurationUsed to express the duration of performance of printed or
manuscript music or the playing time for a sound recording, videorecording, etc.
plateNumDesignation assigned to a resource by a music publisher, usually printed
at the bottom of each page, and sometimes appearing also on the title page.
watermarkContains a description of a watermark or similar device.
Lyrics component declarations.
refrainRecurring lyrics, especially at the end of each verse or stanza of a poem or song
lyrics;
a chorus.
verseDivision of a poem or song lyrics, sometimes having a fixed length, meter or rhyme
scheme;
a stanza.
voltaSung text for a specific iteration of a repeated section of music.
Mensural repertoire component declarations.
ligatureA mensural notation symbol that combines two or more notes into a single sign.
mensurCollects information about the metrical relationship between a note value
and the next smaller value; that is, either triple or duple.
colophonContains a statement providing information regarding the date, place, agency, or reason
for production of the item.
explicitContains the explicit of a manuscript item; that is, the closing words of the text
proper,
exclusive of any rubric or colophon which might follow it.
heraldryContains a heraldic formula or phrase, typically found as part of a blazon, coat of
arms,
etc.
rubricContains a string of words through which a manuscript signals the beginning or end
of a
text division, often with an assertion as to its author and title, which is in some
way set
off from the text itself, usually in red ink, or by use of different size or type
of script,
or some other such visual device.
secFolioMarks the word or words taken from a fixed point in a codex (typically
the beginning of the second leaf) in order to provide a unique identifier for the
item.
stampContains a word or phrase describing an official mark indicating ownership, genuineness,
validity, etc.
Names and dates component declarations.
addNameContains an additional name component, such as a nickname, epithet, or
alias, or any other descriptive phrase used within a personal name.
blocContains the name of a geopolitical unit consisting of two or more nation states or
countries.
corpNameIdentifies an organization or group of people that acts as a single
entity.
countryContains the name of a geopolitical unit, such as a nation, country, colony, or
commonwealth, larger than or administratively superior to a region and smaller than
a
bloc.
districtContains the name of any kind of subdivision of a settlement, such as a parish, ward,
or
other administrative or geographic unit.
famNameContains a family (inherited) name, as opposed to a given, baptismal, or
nick name.
foreNameContains a forename, given or baptismal name.
genNameContains a name component used to distinguish otherwise
similar names on the basis of the relative ages or generations of the persons named.
geogFeatContains a common noun identifying a geographical
feature.
geogNameThe proper noun designation for a place, natural feature, or political
jurisdiction.
nameLinkContains a connecting phrase or link used within a name but not regarded as
part of it, such as "van der" or "of", "from", etc.
periodNameA label that describes a period of time, such as 'Baroque' or '3rd Style
period'.
persNameDesignation for an individual, including any or all of that individual's
forenames, surnames, honorific titles, and added names.
postBoxContains a number or other identifier for some postal
delivery point other than a street address.
postCodeContains a numerical or alphanumeric code used as part of a postal address
to simplify sorting or delivery of mail.
regionContains the name of an administrative unit such as a state, province, or county,
larger
than a settlement, but smaller than a country.
roleNameContains a name component which indicates that the referent has a particular
role or position in society, such as an official title or rank.
settlementContains the name of a settlement such as a city, town, or village identified as a
single
geopolitical or administrative unit.
streetfull street address including any name or number identifying a building as well as
the
name of the street or route on which it is located.
styleNameA label for a characteristic style of writing or performance, such as
'bebop' or 'rock-n-roll'.
Neume repertoire component declarations.
divLineRepresents a division (divisio) in neume notation. Divisions indicate short, medium,
or long pauses
similar to breath marks in modern notation.
annotProvides a statement explaining the text or indicating the basis for an
assertion.
arrangerA person or organization who transcribes a musical composition, usually for a different
medium from that of the original; in an arrangement the musical substance remains
essentially
unchanged.
articAn indication of how to play a note or chord.
authorThe name of the creator of the intellectual content of a non-musical, literary
work.
barLineVertical line drawn through one or more staves that divides musical notation into
metrical
units.
biblProvides a loosely-structured bibliographic citation in which
the sub-components may or may not be explicitly marked.
composerThe name of the creator of the intellectual content of a musical work.
contributorNames of individuals, institutions, or organizations responsible for contributions
to the
intellectual content of a work, where the specialized elements for authors, editors,
etc. do
not suffice or do not apply.
creationNon-bibliographic details of the creation of an intellectual entity, in narrative
form,
such as the date, place, and circumstances of its composition. More detailed information
may
be captured within the history element.
custosSymbol placed at the end of a line of music to indicate the first note of the next
line.
Sometimes called a "direct".
dateA string identifying a point in time or the time period between two such points.
dedicateeEntity to whom a creative work is formally offered.
descContainer for text that briefly describes the feature to which it is
attached, including its intended usage, purpose, or application as appropriate.
dirAn instruction expressed as a combination of text and symbols, typically above,
below, or between staves, but not on the staff — that is not encoded elsewhere in
more specific
elements, like tempo, dynam or repeatMark.
distributorPerson or agency, other than a publisher, from which access (including electronic
access)
to a bibliographic entity may be obtained.
divMajor structural division of text, such as a preface, chapter or
section.
eventListContains historical information given as a sequence of significant past events.
extentUsed to express size in terms other than physical dimensions, such as number of pages,
records, bytes, physical components, etc.
funderNames of individuals, institutions, or organizations responsible for funding. Funders
provide financial support for a project; they are distinct from sponsors, who provide
intellectual support and authority.
genreTerm or terms that designate a category characterizing a particular style, form, or
content.
grpSymA brace or bracket used to group two or more staves of a score or
part.
headContains any heading, for example, the title of a section of text, or the
heading of a list.
identifierAn alpha-numeric string that establishes the identity of the described material.
imprintInformation relating to the publication or distribution of a bibliographic item.
labelA container for document text that identifies the feature to which it is attached.
For a
"tool tip" or other generated label, use the label attribute.
labelAbbrA label on the pages following the first.
lbAn empty formatting element that forces text to begin on a new
line.
lgMay be used for any section of text that is organized as a group of lines;
however, it is most often used for a group of verse lines functioning as a formal
unit, e.g., a
stanza, refrain, verse paragraph, etc.
librettistPerson or organization who is a writer of the text of an opera, oratorio, etc.
lyricistPerson or organization who is a writer of the text of a song.
mdivContains a subdivision of the body of a musical text.
phraseIndication of 1) a "unified melodic idea" or 2) performance technique.
physLocGroups information about the current physical location of a
bibliographic item, such as the repository in which it is located and its shelf mark(s),
and
its previous locations.
pubPlaceName of the place where a bibliographic item was published.
publisherName of the organization responsible for the publication of a bibliographic item.
recipientThe name of the individual(s), institution(s) or organization(s) receiving
correspondence.
relatedItemContains or references another bibliographic item which is related to the
present one.
repositoryInstitution, agency, or individual which holds a bibliographic item.
respA phrase describing the nature of intellectual responsibility.
respStmtTranscription of text that names one or more individuals,
groups, or in rare cases, mechanical processes, responsible for creation, realization,
production, funding, or distribution of the intellectual or artistic content.
restA non-sounding event found in the source being transcribed.
roleName of a dramatic role, as given in a cast list.
seriesContains information about the serial publication in which a bibliographic item has
appeared.
spaceA placeholder used to fill an incomplete measure, layer, etc. most often so that the
combined duration of the events equals the number of beats in the measure.
speakerContains a specialized form of heading or label, giving the name of one or more speakers
in a dramatic text or fragment.
sponsorNames of sponsoring individuals, organizations or institutions. Sponsors give their
intellectual authority to a project; they are to be distinguished from funders, who
provide
the funding but do not necessarily take intellectual responsibility.
staffA group of equidistant horizontal lines on which notes are placed in order to represent
pitch or a grouping element for individual 'strands' of notes, rests, etc. that may
or may not
actually be rendered on staff lines; that is, both diastematic and non-diastematic
signs.
listA formatting element that contains a series of items separated from one another and
arranged in a linear, often vertical, sequence.
quoteContains a paragraph-like block of text attributed to an external
source, normally set off from the surrounding text by spacing or other typographic
distinction.
segrepresents any segmentation of text below the "text component" level.
User-defined symbols component declarations.
anchoredTextContainer for text that is fixed to a particular page location, regardless of changes
made
to the layout of the measures around it.
curveA curved line that cannot be represented by a more specific element, such as a
slur.
lineA visual line that cannot be represented by a more specific; i.e., semantic,
element.
Constraints
@facs attribute should have content.
Each value in @facs should correspond to the @xml:id attribute of a surface or zone
element.
<sch:assert role="warning"test="not(normalize-space(.) eq '')">@facs attribute should
have content.</sch:assert>
<sch:assert role="warning"test="every $i in tokenize(., '\s+') satisfies substring($i,2)=//mei:*[local-name() eq
'surface' or local-name() eq 'zone']/@xml:id">Each value in @facs should correspond to the @xml:id attribute of a surface or zone
element.</sch:assert>