<syllable>

Neume notation can be thought of as "neumed text". Therefore, the syllable element provides high-level organization in this repertoire.
6.1.1 Basic four elements
Module
MEI.neumes
Attributes
@class, @copyof, @corresp, @facs, @follows, @label, @n, @next, @precedes, @prev, @resp, @sameas, @synch, @type, @when, @xml:base, @xml:id
@class(optional)Contains one or more URIs which denote classification terms that apply to the entity bearing this attribute. One or more values from data.URI, separated by spaces.
<syllable>att.commonatt.typedatt.classed@class
@copyof(optional)Points to an element of which the current element is a copy. Value conforms to data.URI.
<syllable>att.commonatt.linking@copyof
@corresp(optional)Used to point to other elements that correspond to this one in a generic fashion. One or more values from data.URI, separated by spaces.
<syllable>att.commonatt.linking@corresp
@facs(optional)Points to one or more images, portions of an image, or surfaces which correspond to the current element. One or more values from data.URI, separated by spaces.
<syllable>att.facsimile@facs
@follows(optional)points to one or more events in a user-defined collection that are known to be predecessors of the current element. One or more values from data.URI, separated by spaces.
<syllable>att.commonatt.linking@follows
@label(optional)Captures text to be used to generate a label for the element to which it’s attached, a "tool tip" or prefatory text, for example. Should not be used to record document content. Value is plain text.
<syllable>att.commonatt.labelled@label
@n(optional)Provides a number-like designation that indicates an element’s position in a sequence of similar elements. May not contain space characters. Value conforms to data.WORD.
<syllable>att.commonatt.nNumberLike@n
@next(optional)Used to point to the next event(s) in a user-defined collection. One or more values from data.URI, separated by spaces.
<syllable>att.commonatt.linking@next
@precedes(optional)Points to one or more events in a user-defined collection that are known to be successors of the current element. One or more values from data.URI, separated by spaces.
<syllable>att.commonatt.linking@precedes
@prev(optional)Points to the previous event(s) in a user-defined collection. One or more values from data.URI, separated by spaces.
<syllable>att.commonatt.linking@prev
@resp(optional)Indicates the agent(s) responsible for some aspect of the text’s transcription, editing, or encoding. Its value must point to one or more identifiers declared in the document header. One or more values from data.URI, separated by spaces.
<syllable>att.commonatt.responsibility@resp
@sameas(optional)Points to an element that is the same as the current element but is not a literal copy of the current element. One or more values from data.URI, separated by spaces.
<syllable>att.commonatt.linking@sameas
@synch(optional)Points to elements that are synchronous with the current element. One or more values from data.URI, separated by spaces.
<syllable>att.commonatt.linking@synch
@type(optional)Designation which characterizes the element in some sense, using any convenient classification scheme or typology that employs single-token labels. One or more values of datatype NMTOKEN, separated by spaces.
<syllable>att.commonatt.typed@type
@when(optional)Indicates the point of occurrence of this feature along a time line. Its value must be the ID of a <when> element elsewhere in the document. Value conforms to data.URI.
<syllable>att.syllable.logatt.alignment@when
@xml:base(optional)Provides a base URI reference with which applications can resolve relative URI references into absolute URI references. Value conforms to data.URI.
<syllable>att.commonatt.basic@xml:base
@xml:id(optional)Regularizes the naming of an element and thus facilitates building links between it and other resources. Each id attribute within a document must have a unique value. Value is a valid xml:id.
<syllable>att.commonatt.basicatt.id@xml:id
(MEI.shared) Attributes common to many elements.
(MEI.shared) Attributes that form the basis of the att.common class.
@xml:base(optional)Provides a base URI reference with which applications can resolve relative URI references into absolute URI references. Value conforms to data.URI.
(MEI.shared) Attributes that uniquely identify an element.
@xml:id(optional)Regularizes the naming of an element and thus facilitates building links between it and other resources. Each id attribute within a document must have a unique value. Value is a valid xml:id.
(MEI.shared)
@label(optional)Captures text to be used to generate a label for the element to which it’s attached, a "tool tip" or prefatory text, for example. Should not be used to record document content. Value is plain text.
(MEI.shared) Attributes that specify element-to-element relationships.
@copyof(optional)Points to an element of which the current element is a copy. Value conforms to data.URI.
@corresp(optional)Used to point to other elements that correspond to this one in a generic fashion. One or more values from data.URI, separated by spaces.
@follows(optional)points to one or more events in a user-defined collection that are known to be predecessors of the current element. One or more values from data.URI, separated by spaces.
@next(optional)Used to point to the next event(s) in a user-defined collection. One or more values from data.URI, separated by spaces.
@precedes(optional)Points to one or more events in a user-defined collection that are known to be successors of the current element. One or more values from data.URI, separated by spaces.
@prev(optional)Points to the previous event(s) in a user-defined collection. One or more values from data.URI, separated by spaces.
@sameas(optional)Points to an element that is the same as the current element but is not a literal copy of the current element. One or more values from data.URI, separated by spaces.
@synch(optional)Points to elements that are synchronous with the current element. One or more values from data.URI, separated by spaces.
(MEI.shared) Attributes used to supply a number-like designation for an element.
@n(optional)Provides a number-like designation that indicates an element’s position in a sequence of similar elements. May not contain space characters. Value conforms to data.WORD.
(MEI.shared) Attributes capturing information regarding responsibility for some aspect of the text's creation, transcription, editing, or encoding.
@resp(optional)Indicates the agent(s) responsible for some aspect of the text’s transcription, editing, or encoding. Its value must point to one or more identifiers declared in the document header. One or more values from data.URI, separated by spaces.
(MEI.shared) Attributes which can be used to classify features.
@type(optional)Designation which characterizes the element in some sense, using any convenient classification scheme or typology that employs single-token labels. One or more values of datatype NMTOKEN, separated by spaces.
(MEI.shared) Attributes which can be used to classify features.
@class(optional)Contains one or more URIs which denote classification terms that apply to the entity bearing this attribute. One or more values from data.URI, separated by spaces.
(MEI.facsimile) Attributes that associate a feature corresponding with all or part of an image.
@facs(optional)Points to one or more images, portions of an image, or surfaces which correspond to the current element. One or more values from data.URI, separated by spaces.
(MEI.analytical) Analytical domain attributes.
(MEI.gestural) Gestural domain attributes.
(MEI.neumes) Logical domain attributes.
(MEI.performance) Temporal alignment attributes.
@when(optional)Indicates the point of occurrence of this feature along a time line. Its value must be the ID of a <when> element elsewhere in the document. Value conforms to data.URI.
(MEI.visual) Visual domain attributes.
Facsimile component declarations.
@facs(optional)Points to one or more images, portions of an image, or surfaces which correspond to the current element. One or more values from data.URI, separated by spaces.
Performance component declarations.
@when(optional)Indicates the point of occurrence of this feature along a time line. Its value must be the ID of a <when> element elsewhere in the document. Value conforms to data.URI.
Component declarations that are shared between two or more modules.
@class(optional)Contains one or more URIs which denote classification terms that apply to the entity bearing this attribute. One or more values from data.URI, separated by spaces.
@copyof(optional)Points to an element of which the current element is a copy. Value conforms to data.URI.
@corresp(optional)Used to point to other elements that correspond to this one in a generic fashion. One or more values from data.URI, separated by spaces.
@follows(optional)points to one or more events in a user-defined collection that are known to be predecessors of the current element. One or more values from data.URI, separated by spaces.
@label(optional)Captures text to be used to generate a label for the element to which it’s attached, a "tool tip" or prefatory text, for example. Should not be used to record document content. Value is plain text.
@n(optional)Provides a number-like designation that indicates an element’s position in a sequence of similar elements. May not contain space characters. Value conforms to data.WORD.
@next(optional)Used to point to the next event(s) in a user-defined collection. One or more values from data.URI, separated by spaces.
@precedes(optional)Points to one or more events in a user-defined collection that are known to be successors of the current element. One or more values from data.URI, separated by spaces.
@prev(optional)Points to the previous event(s) in a user-defined collection. One or more values from data.URI, separated by spaces.
@resp(optional)Indicates the agent(s) responsible for some aspect of the text’s transcription, editing, or encoding. Its value must point to one or more identifiers declared in the document header. One or more values from data.URI, separated by spaces.
@sameas(optional)Points to an element that is the same as the current element but is not a literal copy of the current element. One or more values from data.URI, separated by spaces.
@synch(optional)Points to elements that are synchronous with the current element. One or more values from data.URI, separated by spaces.
@type(optional)Designation which characterizes the element in some sense, using any convenient classification scheme or typology that employs single-token labels. One or more values of datatype NMTOKEN, separated by spaces.
@xml:base(optional)Provides a base URI reference with which applications can resolve relative URI references into absolute URI references. Value conforms to data.URI.
@xml:id(optional)Regularizes the naming of an element and thus facilitates building links between it and other resources. Each id attribute within a document must have a unique value. Value is a valid xml:id.
Member of
model.syllableLikeGroups elements that accommodate neumed text.
Contained By
(MEI.neumes) Groups elements that accommodate neumed text.
(MEI.neumes) Groups notated events that may appear at the layer level in the neume repertoire.
(MEI.shared) Groups notated events at the layer level that are shared by the mensural and neume repertoires.
(MEI.shared) Groups notated events that may appear at the layer level in all repertoires.
<abbr>A generic element for 1) a shortened form of a word, including an acronym or 2) a shorthand notation.
<add>Marks an addition to the text.
<corr>Contains the correct form of an apparent erroneous passage.
<damage>Contains an area of damage to the physical medium.
<del>Contains information deleted, marked as deleted, or otherwise indicated as superfluous or spurious in the copy text by an author, scribe, annotator, or corrector.
<expan>Contains the expansion of an abbreviation.
<layer>An independent stream of events on a staff.
<lem>Contains the lemma, or base text, of a textual variation.
<oLayer>A layer that contains an alternative to material in another layer.
<orig>Contains material which is marked as following the original, rather than being normalized or corrected.
<rdg>Contains a single reading within a textual variation.
<reg>Contains material which has been regularized or normalized in some sense.
<restore>Indicates restoration of material to an earlier state by cancellation of an editorial or authorial marking or instruction.
<sic>Contains apparently incorrect or inaccurate material.
<supplied>Contains material supplied by the transcriber or editor for any reason.
<unclear>Contains material that cannot be transcribed with certainty because it is illegible or inaudible in the source.
Common Music Notation (CMN) repertoire component declarations.
<oLayer>A layer that contains an alternative to material in another layer.
Critical apparatus component declarations.
<lem>Contains the lemma, or base text, of a textual variation.
<rdg>Contains a single reading within a textual variation.
Editorial and transcriptional component declarations.
<abbr>A generic element for 1) a shortened form of a word, including an acronym or 2) a shorthand notation.
<add>Marks an addition to the text.
<corr>Contains the correct form of an apparent erroneous passage.
<damage>Contains an area of damage to the physical medium.
<del>Contains information deleted, marked as deleted, or otherwise indicated as superfluous or spurious in the copy text by an author, scribe, annotator, or corrector.
<expan>Contains the expansion of an abbreviation.
<orig>Contains material which is marked as following the original, rather than being normalized or corrected.
<reg>Contains material which has been regularized or normalized in some sense.
<restore>Indicates restoration of material to an earlier state by cancellation of an editorial or authorial marking or instruction.
<sic>Contains apparently incorrect or inaccurate material.
<supplied>Contains material supplied by the transcriber or editor for any reason.
<unclear>Contains material that cannot be transcribed with certainty because it is illegible or inaudible in the source.
Component declarations that are shared between two or more modules.
<layer>An independent stream of events on a staff.
May Contain
(MEI.critapp) Groups elements that contain a critical apparatus entry.
<app>Contains one or more alternative encodings.
(MEI.edittrans) Groups elements for editorial interventions that may be useful both in transcribing and in authoring processes.
<choice>Groups a number of alternative encodings for the same point in a text.
<subst>Groups transcriptional elements when the combination is to be regarded as a single intervention in the text.
(MEI.edittrans) Groups elements used for editorial transcription of pre-existing source materials.
<add>Marks an addition to the text.
<corr>Contains the correct form of an apparent erroneous passage.
<damage>Contains an area of damage to the physical medium.
<del>Contains information deleted, marked as deleted, or otherwise indicated as superfluous or spurious in the copy text by an author, scribe, annotator, or corrector.
<gap>Indicates a point where material has been omitted in a transcription, whether as part of sampling practice or for editorial reasons described in the MEI header.
<handShift>Marks the beginning of a passage written in a new hand, or of a change in the scribe, writing style, ink or character of the document hand.
<orig>Contains material which is marked as following the original, rather than being normalized or corrected.
<reg>Contains material which has been regularized or normalized in some sense.
<restore>Indicates restoration of material to an earlier state by cancellation of an editorial or authorial marking or instruction.
<sic>Contains apparently incorrect or inaccurate material.
<supplied>Contains material supplied by the transcriber or editor for any reason.
<unclear>Contains material that cannot be transcribed with certainty because it is illegible or inaudible in the source.
(MEI.neumes) Groups elements that modify neume-like features.
<episema>Episema.
<hispanTick>Hispanic tick.
<signifLet>Significantive letter(s).
(MEI.neumes) Groups elements that may appear as part of the content of a syllable.
<accid>Records a temporary alteration to the pitch of a note.
<clef>Indication of the exact location of a particular note on the staff and, therefore, the other notes as well.
(MEI.lyrics) Groups elements that contain a lyric verse.
<refrain>Recurring lyrics, especially at the end of each verse or stanza of a poem or song lyrics; a chorus.
<verse>Division of a poem or song lyrics, sometimes having a fixed length, meter or rhyme scheme; a stanza.
(MEI.midi) Groups elements which group MIDI-like elements.
<midi>Container for elements that contain information useful when generating MIDI output.
(MEI.neumes) Groups event elements that occur in the neume repertoire.
<divLine>Represents a division (divisio) in neume notation. Divisions indicate short, medium, or long pauses similar to breath marks in modern notation.
<neume>Sign representing one or more musical pitches.
(MEI.shared) Groups elements, such as dynamics, ties, phrase marks, pedal marks, etc., which depend upon other events, such as notes or rests, for their existence.
<bend>A variation in pitch (often micro-tonal) upwards or downwards during the course of a note.
<caesura>Break, pause, or interruption in the normal tempo of a composition. Typically indicated by "railroad tracks", i.e., two diagonal slashes.
<cpMark>A verbal or graphical indication to copy musical material written elsewhere.
<dir>An instruction expressed as a combination of text and symbols, typically above, below, or between staves, but not on the staff — that is not encoded elsewhere in more specific elements, like <tempo>, <dynam> or <repeatMark>.
<dynam>Indication of the volume of a note, phrase, or section of music.
<gliss>A continuous or sliding movement from one pitch to another, usually indicated by a straight or wavy line.
<metaMark>A graphical or textual statement with additional / explanatory information about the musical text. The textual consequences of this intervention are encoded independently via other means; that is, with elements such as <add>, <del>, etc.
<ornam>An element indicating an ornament that is not a mordent, turn, or trill.
<phrase>Indication of 1) a "unified melodic idea" or 2) performance technique.
<repeatMark> An instruction expressed as a combination of text and symbols – segno and coda – typically above, below, or between staves, but not on the staff.
<sp>Contains an individual speech in a performance text.
<tempo>Text and symbols descriptive of tempo, mood, or style, e.g., "allarg.", "a tempo", "cantabile", "Moderato", "♩=60", "Moderato ♩ =60").
(MEI.drama) Groups elements containing stage directions in performance texts.
<stageDir>Contains any kind of stage direction within a dramatic text or fragment.
(MEI.fingering) Groups elements that capture performance instructions regarding the use of the fingers of the hand (or a subset of them).
<fing>An individual finger in a fingering indication.
<fingGrp>A group of individual fingers in a fingering indication.
(MEI.harmony) Groups harmonic elements that function as control events; that is, those events that modify or otherwise depend on the existence of notated events.
(MEI.harmony) Groups elements that record indications of harmony.
<harm>An indication of harmony, e.g., chord names, tablature grids, harmonic analysis, figured bass.
(MEI.shared) Groups elements that contain a lyric syllable.
<syl>Individual lyric syllable.
(MEI.shared) Groups annotation-like elements.
<annot>Provides a statement explaining the text or indicating the basis for an assertion.
(MEI.shared) Groups milestone-style elements found in music notation.
<cb>An empty formatting element that forces text to begin in a new column.
<colLayout>An empty formatting element that signals the start of columnar layout.
<sb>An empty formatting element that forces musical notation to begin on a new line.
(MEI.shared) Groups page beginning-like elements.
<pb>An empty formatting element that forces text to begin on a new page.
(MEI.shared) Groups elements that provide score meta-information.
<scoreDef>Container for score meta-information.
(MEI.shared) Groups elements that permit declaration of staff properties.
<staffDef>Container for staff meta-information.
(MEI.shared) Groups elements that permit declaration of staff group properties.
<staffGrp>A group of bracketed or braced staves.
(MEI.text) Groups elements used to represent generic structural divisions of text.
<div>Major structural division of text, such as a preface, chapter or section.
(MEI.usersymbols) Groups elements that function as drawing primitives.
<anchoredText>Container for text that is fixed to a particular page location, regardless of changes made to the layout of the measures around it.
<curve>A curved line that cannot be represented by a more specific element, such as a slur.
<line>A visual line that cannot be represented by a more specific; i.e., semantic, element.
Common Music Notation (CMN) repertoire component declarations.
<bend>A variation in pitch (often micro-tonal) upwards or downwards during the course of a note.
<gliss>A continuous or sliding movement from one pitch to another, usually indicated by a straight or wavy line.
<repeatMark> An instruction expressed as a combination of text and symbols – segno and coda – typically above, below, or between staves, but not on the staff.
Critical apparatus component declarations.
<app>Contains one or more alternative encodings.
Dramatic text component declarations.
<sp>Contains an individual speech in a performance text.
<stageDir>Contains any kind of stage direction within a dramatic text or fragment.
Editorial and transcriptional component declarations.
<add>Marks an addition to the text.
<choice>Groups a number of alternative encodings for the same point in a text.
<corr>Contains the correct form of an apparent erroneous passage.
<cpMark>A verbal or graphical indication to copy musical material written elsewhere.
<damage>Contains an area of damage to the physical medium.
<del>Contains information deleted, marked as deleted, or otherwise indicated as superfluous or spurious in the copy text by an author, scribe, annotator, or corrector.
<gap>Indicates a point where material has been omitted in a transcription, whether as part of sampling practice or for editorial reasons described in the MEI header.
<handShift>Marks the beginning of a passage written in a new hand, or of a change in the scribe, writing style, ink or character of the document hand.
<metaMark>A graphical or textual statement with additional / explanatory information about the musical text. The textual consequences of this intervention are encoded independently via other means; that is, with elements such as <add>, <del>, etc.
<orig>Contains material which is marked as following the original, rather than being normalized or corrected.
<reg>Contains material which has been regularized or normalized in some sense.
<restore>Indicates restoration of material to an earlier state by cancellation of an editorial or authorial marking or instruction.
<sic>Contains apparently incorrect or inaccurate material.
<subst>Groups transcriptional elements when the combination is to be regarded as a single intervention in the text.
<supplied>Contains material supplied by the transcriber or editor for any reason.
<unclear>Contains material that cannot be transcribed with certainty because it is illegible or inaudible in the source.
Fingering component declarations.
<fing>An individual finger in a fingering indication.
<fingGrp>A group of individual fingers in a fingering indication.
Harmony component declarations.
<harm>An indication of harmony, e.g., chord names, tablature grids, harmonic analysis, figured bass.
Lyrics component declarations.
<refrain>Recurring lyrics, especially at the end of each verse or stanza of a poem or song lyrics; a chorus.
<verse>Division of a poem or song lyrics, sometimes having a fixed length, meter or rhyme scheme; a stanza.
MIDI component declarations.
<midi>Container for elements that contain information useful when generating MIDI output.
Neume repertoire component declarations.
<divLine>Represents a division (divisio) in neume notation. Divisions indicate short, medium, or long pauses similar to breath marks in modern notation.
<episema>Episema.
<hispanTick>Hispanic tick.
<neume>Sign representing one or more musical pitches.
<signifLet>Significantive letter(s).
Component declarations that are shared between two or more modules.
<accid>Records a temporary alteration to the pitch of a note.
<annot>Provides a statement explaining the text or indicating the basis for an assertion.
<caesura>Break, pause, or interruption in the normal tempo of a composition. Typically indicated by "railroad tracks", i.e., two diagonal slashes.
<cb>An empty formatting element that forces text to begin in a new column.
<clef>Indication of the exact location of a particular note on the staff and, therefore, the other notes as well.
<colLayout>An empty formatting element that signals the start of columnar layout.
<dir>An instruction expressed as a combination of text and symbols, typically above, below, or between staves, but not on the staff — that is not encoded elsewhere in more specific elements, like <tempo>, <dynam> or <repeatMark>.
<div>Major structural division of text, such as a preface, chapter or section.
<dynam>Indication of the volume of a note, phrase, or section of music.
<ornam>An element indicating an ornament that is not a mordent, turn, or trill.
<pb>An empty formatting element that forces text to begin on a new page.
<phrase>Indication of 1) a "unified melodic idea" or 2) performance technique.
<sb>An empty formatting element that forces musical notation to begin on a new line.
<scoreDef>Container for score meta-information.
<staffDef>Container for staff meta-information.
<staffGrp>A group of bracketed or braced staves.
<syl>Individual lyric syllable.
<tempo>Text and symbols descriptive of tempo, mood, or style, e.g., "allarg.", "a tempo", "cantabile", "Moderato", "♩=60", "Moderato ♩ =60").
User-defined symbols component declarations.
<anchoredText>Container for text that is fixed to a particular page location, regardless of changes made to the layout of the measures around it.
<curve>A curved line that cannot be represented by a more specific element, such as a slur.
<line>A visual line that cannot be represented by a more specific; i.e., semantic, element.
Declaration
<elementSpec ident="syllable" module="MEI.neumes">
<desc xml:lang="en">Neume notation can be thought of as "neumed text". Therefore, the syllable element provides high-level organization in this repertoire.</desc>
<classes>
<memberOf key="att.common"/>
<memberOf key="att.facsimile"/>
<memberOf key="att.syllable.anl"/>
<memberOf key="att.syllable.ges"/>
<memberOf key="att.syllable.log"/>
<memberOf key="att.syllable.vis"/>
<memberOf key="model.syllableLike"/>
</classes>
<content>
<rng:zeroOrMore>
<rng:choice>
<rng:ref name="model.annotLike"/>
<rng:ref name="model.appLike"/>
<rng:ref name="model.divLike"/>
<rng:ref name="model.editLike"/>
<rng:ref name="model.graphicPrimitiveLike"/>
<rng:ref name="model.milestoneLike.music"/>
<rng:ref name="model.neumeModifierLike"/>
<rng:ref name="model.scoreDefLike"/>
<rng:ref name="model.staffDefLike"/>
<rng:ref name="model.staffGrpLike"/>
<rng:ref name="model.syllablePart"/>
<rng:ref name="model.transcriptionLike"/>
</rng:choice>
</rng:zeroOrMore>
</content>
</elementSpec>
MEI Version: 6.0-dev(#c952b38)