<pedal>

Piano pedal mark.
2.3.6.3 Piano Pedal
Module
MEI.cmn
Attributes
@color, @dir, @endid, @fontfam, @fontname, @fontsize, @fontstyle, @fontweight, @form, @func, @glyph.auth, @glyph.name, @glyph.num, @glyph.uri, @ho, @label, @layer, @lendsym, @lendsym.size, @letterspacing, @lform, @lineheight, @lsegs, @lstartsym, @lstartsym.size, @lwidth, @place, @plist, @staff, @startid, @tstamp, @tstamp2, @type, @vo, @xml:id
@color(optional)Used to indicate visual appearance. Do not confuse this with the musical term 'color' as used in pre-CMN notation. Value conforms to data.COLOR.
<pedal>att.pedal.visatt.color@color
@dir(required)Records the position of the piano damper pedal. Allowed values are: "down" (Depress the pedal.), "up" (Release the pedal.), "half" (Half pedal.), "bounce" (Release then immediately depress the pedal.)
<pedal>att.pedal.log@dir
@endid(optional)Indicates the final element in a sequence of events to which the feature applies. Value conforms to data.URI.
<pedal>att.pedal.logatt.startEndId@endid
@fontfam(optional)Contains the name of a font-family. Value conforms to data.FONTFAMILY.
<pedal>att.pedal.visatt.typography@fontfam
@fontname(optional)Holds the name of a font. Value conforms to data.FONTNAME.
<pedal>att.pedal.visatt.typography@fontname
@fontsize(optional)Indicates the size of a font expressed in printers' points, i.e., 1/72nd of an inch, relative terms, e.g., small, larger, etc., or percentage values relative to normal size, e.g., 125%. Value conforms to data.FONTSIZE.
<pedal>att.pedal.visatt.typography@fontsize
@fontstyle(optional)Records the style of a font, i.e., italic, oblique, or normal. Value conforms to data.FONTSTYLE.
<pedal>att.pedal.visatt.typography@fontstyle
@fontweight(optional)Used to indicate bold type. Value conforms to data.FONTWEIGHT.
<pedal>att.pedal.visatt.typography@fontweight
@form(optional)Determines whether piano pedal marks should be rendered as lines or as terms. Value conforms to data.PEDALSTYLE.
<pedal>att.pedal.vis@form
@func(optional)Indicates the function of the depressed pedal, but not necessarily the text associated with its use. Use the <dir> element for such text. Suggested values are: "sustain" (The sustain pedal, also referred to as the "damper" pedal, allows the piano strings to vibrate sympathetically with the struck strings. It is the right-most and the most frequently used pedal on modern pianos.), "soft" (The soft pedal, sometimes called the "una corda", "piano", or "half-blow" pedal, reduces the volume and modifies the timbre of the piano. On the modern piano, it is the left-most pedal.), "sostenuto" (The sostenuto or tone-sustaining pedal allows notes already undamped to continue to ring while other notes are damped normally; that is, on their release by the fingers. This is usually the center pedal of the modern piano.), "silent" (The silent or practice pedal mutes the volume of the piano so that one may practice quietly. It is sometimes a replacement for the sostenuto pedal, especially on an upright or vertical instrument.)
<pedal>att.pedal.log@func
@glyph.auth(optional)A name or label associated with the controlled vocabulary from which the value of @glyph.name or @glyph.num is taken, or the textual content of the element. Suggested values are: "smufl" (Standard Music Font Layout.)
<pedal>att.pedal.visatt.extSymatt.extSym.auth@glyph.auth
@glyph.name(optional)Glyph name. Value is plain text.
<pedal>att.pedal.visatt.extSymatt.extSym.names@glyph.name
@glyph.num(optional)Numeric glyph reference in hexadecimal notation, e.g., "#xE000" or "U+E000". N.B. SMuFL version 1.18 uses the range U+E000 - U+ECBF. Value conforms to data.HEXNUM.
<pedal>att.pedal.visatt.extSymatt.extSym.names@glyph.num
@glyph.uri(optional)The web-accessible location of the controlled vocabulary from which the value of @glyph.name or @glyph.num is taken, or the textual content of the element. Value conforms to data.URI.
<pedal>att.pedal.visatt.extSymatt.extSym.auth@glyph.uri
@ho(optional)Records a horizontal adjustment to a feature’s programmatically-determined location in terms of staff interline distance; that is, in units of 1/2 the distance between adjacent staff lines. Value conforms to data.MEASUREMENTSIGNED.
<pedal>att.pedal.visatt.visualOffsetatt.visualOffset.ho@ho
@label(optional)Captures text to be used to generate a label for the element to which it’s attached, a "tool tip" or prefatory text, for example. Should not be used to record document content. Value is plain text.
<pedal>att.commonatt.labelled@label
@layer(optional)Identifies the layer to which a feature applies. One or more values of datatype positiveInteger, separated by spaces.
<pedal>att.pedal.logatt.controlEventatt.layerIdent@layer
@lendsym(optional)Symbol rendered at end of line. Value conforms to data.LINESTARTENDSYMBOL.
<pedal>att.pedal.visatt.lineRend@lendsym
@lendsym.size(optional)Holds the relative size of the line-end symbol. Value conforms to data.FONTSIZESCALE.
<pedal>att.pedal.visatt.lineRend@lendsym.size
@letterspacing(optional)Indicates letter spacing (aka tracking) in analogy to the CSS letter-spacing property. Value conforms to data.MEASUREMENTTYPOGRAPHYSIGNED.
<pedal>att.pedal.visatt.typography@letterspacing
@lform(optional)Describes the style of a line. Value conforms to data.LINEFORM.
<pedal>att.pedal.visatt.lineRendatt.lineRend.base@lform
@lineheight(optional)Indicates line height in analogy to the CSS line-height property. Value conforms to either data.MEASUREMENTTYPOGRAPHYUNSIGNED or data.PERCENT.
<pedal>att.pedal.visatt.typography@lineheight
@lsegs(optional)Describes the number of segments into which a dashed or dotted line may be divided, or the number of "peaks" of a wavy line; a pair of space-separated values (minimum and maximum, respectively) provides a range between which a rendering system-supplied value may fall, while a single value indicates a fixed amount of space; that is, the minimum and maximum values are equal. One or two values of datatype a positive integer no smaller than 2, separated by a space.
<pedal>att.pedal.visatt.lineRendatt.lineRend.base@lsegs
@lstartsym(optional)Symbol rendered at start of line. Value conforms to data.LINESTARTENDSYMBOL.
<pedal>att.pedal.visatt.lineRend@lstartsym
@lstartsym.size(optional)Holds the relative size of the line-start symbol. Value conforms to data.FONTSIZESCALE.
<pedal>att.pedal.visatt.lineRend@lstartsym.size
@lwidth(optional)Width of a line. Value conforms to data.LINEWIDTH.
<pedal>att.pedal.visatt.lineRendatt.lineRend.base@lwidth
@place(optional)Captures the placement of the item with respect to the staff with which it is associated. Value conforms to data.STAFFREL.
<pedal>att.pedal.visatt.placementRelStaff@place
@plist(optional)When the target attribute is present, plist identifies the active participants; that is, those entities pointed "from", in a relationship with the specified target(s). When the target attribute is not present, it identifies participants in a mutual relationship. One or more values from data.URI, separated by spaces.
<pedal>att.pedal.logatt.controlEventatt.plist@plist
@staff(optional)Signifies the staff on which a notated event occurs or to which a control event applies. Mandatory when applicable. One or more values of datatype positiveInteger, separated by spaces.
<pedal>att.pedal.logatt.controlEventatt.staffIdent@staff
@startid(optional)Holds a reference to the first element in a sequence of events to which the feature applies. Value conforms to data.URI.
<pedal>att.pedal.logatt.startEndIdatt.startId@startid
@tstamp(optional)Encodes the onset time in terms of musical time, i.e., beats[.fractional beat part], as expressed in the written time signature. Value conforms to data.BEAT.
<pedal>att.pedal.logatt.controlEventatt.timestamp.log@tstamp
@tstamp2(optional)Encodes the ending point of an event, i.e., a count of measures plus a beat location in the ending measure. Value conforms to data.MEASUREBEAT.
<pedal>att.pedal.logatt.timestamp2.log@tstamp2
@type(optional)Designation which characterizes the element in some sense, using any convenient classification scheme or typology that employs single-token labels. One or more values of datatype NMTOKEN, separated by spaces.
<pedal>att.commonatt.typed@type
@vo(optional)Records the vertical adjustment of a feature’s programmatically-determined location in terms of staff interline distance; that is, in units of 1/2 the distance between adjacent staff lines. Value conforms to data.MEASUREMENTSIGNED.
<pedal>att.pedal.visatt.visualOffsetatt.visualOffset.vo@vo
@xml:id(optional)Regularizes the naming of an element and thus facilitates building links between it and other resources. Each id attribute within a document must have a unique value. Value is a valid xml:id.
<pedal>att.commonatt.id@xml:id
(MEI.shared) Attributes common to many elements.
(MEI.shared) Attributes that uniquely identify an element.
@xml:id(optional)Regularizes the naming of an element and thus facilitates building links between it and other resources. Each id attribute within a document must have a unique value. Value is a valid xml:id.
(MEI.shared)
@label(optional)Captures text to be used to generate a label for the element to which it’s attached, a "tool tip" or prefatory text, for example. Should not be used to record document content. Value is plain text.
(MEI.shared) Attributes which can be used to classify features.
@type(optional)Designation which characterizes the element in some sense, using any convenient classification scheme or typology that employs single-token labels. One or more values of datatype NMTOKEN, separated by spaces.
(MEI.cmn) Logical domain attributes.
@dir(required)Records the position of the piano damper pedal. Allowed values are: "down" (Depress the pedal.), "up" (Release the pedal.), "half" (Half pedal.), "bounce" (Release then immediately depress the pedal.)
@func(optional)Indicates the function of the depressed pedal, but not necessarily the text associated with its use. Use the <dir> element for such text. Suggested values are: "sustain" (The sustain pedal, also referred to as the "damper" pedal, allows the piano strings to vibrate sympathetically with the struck strings. It is the right-most and the most frequently used pedal on modern pianos.), "soft" (The soft pedal, sometimes called the "una corda", "piano", or "half-blow" pedal, reduces the volume and modifies the timbre of the piano. On the modern piano, it is the left-most pedal.), "sostenuto" (The sostenuto or tone-sustaining pedal allows notes already undamped to continue to ring while other notes are damped normally; that is, on their release by the fingers. This is usually the center pedal of the modern piano.), "silent" (The silent or practice pedal mutes the volume of the piano so that one may practice quietly. It is sometimes a replacement for the sostenuto pedal, especially on an upright or vertical instrument.)
(MEI.shared) Attributes shared by events which rely on other events for their existence. For example, a slur/phrase marking must be drawn between or over a group of notes. The slur is therefore a control event.
(MEI.shared) Attributes that identify the layer to which a feature applies.
@layer(optional)Identifies the layer to which a feature applies. One or more values of datatype positiveInteger, separated by spaces.
(MEI.shared) Attributes listing the active participants in a user-defined collection.
@plist(optional)When the target attribute is present, plist identifies the active participants; that is, those entities pointed "from", in a relationship with the specified target(s). When the target attribute is not present, it identifies participants in a mutual relationship. One or more values from data.URI, separated by spaces.
(MEI.shared) Attributes for identifying the staff associated with the current feature.
@staff(optional)Signifies the staff on which a notated event occurs or to which a control event applies. Mandatory when applicable. One or more values of datatype positiveInteger, separated by spaces.
(MEI.shared) Attributes that record a time stamp in terms of musical time, , beats[.fractional beat part].
@tstamp(optional)Encodes the onset time in terms of musical time, i.e., beats[.fractional beat part], as expressed in the written time signature. Value conforms to data.BEAT.
(MEI.shared) Attributes recording the identifiers of the first and last elements of a sequence of elements to which the current element is associated.
@endid(optional)Indicates the final element in a sequence of events to which the feature applies. Value conforms to data.URI.
(MEI.shared) Attributes that identify a relative starting point.
@startid(optional)Holds a reference to the first element in a sequence of events to which the feature applies. Value conforms to data.URI.
(MEI.shared) Attributes that record a time stamp for the end of an event in terms of musical time.
@tstamp2(optional)Encodes the ending point of an event, i.e., a count of measures plus a beat location in the ending measure. Value conforms to data.MEASUREBEAT.
(MEI.visual) Visual domain attributes. The place attribute captures the placement of the pedal marking with respect to the staff with which it is associated. Modern publishing standards require the place to be ; however, for transcriptions of manuscript works, this attribute class allows the full range of values.
@form(optional)Determines whether piano pedal marks should be rendered as lines or as terms. Value conforms to data.PEDALSTYLE.
(MEI.shared) Visual color attributes.
@color(optional)Used to indicate visual appearance. Do not confuse this with the musical term 'color' as used in pre-CMN notation. Value conforms to data.COLOR.
(MEI.externalsymbols) Attributes used to associate MEI features with corresponding glyphs in an externally-defined standard such as SMuFL.
(MEI.externalsymbols) Attributes that point to an external symbol authority.
@glyph.auth(optional)A name or label associated with the controlled vocabulary from which the value of @glyph.name or @glyph.num is taken, or the textual content of the element. Suggested values are: "smufl" (Standard Music Font Layout.)
@glyph.uri(optional)The web-accessible location of the controlled vocabulary from which the value of @glyph.name or @glyph.num is taken, or the textual content of the element. Value conforms to data.URI.
(MEI.externalsymbols) Attributes that specify names or values taken from an external symbol authority.
@glyph.name(optional)Glyph name. Value is plain text.
@glyph.num(optional)Numeric glyph reference in hexadecimal notation, e.g., "#xE000" or "U+E000". N.B. SMuFL version 1.18 uses the range U+E000 - U+ECBF. Value conforms to data.HEXNUM.
(MEI.shared) Attributes that record the visual rendition of lines.
@lendsym(optional)Symbol rendered at end of line. Value conforms to data.LINESTARTENDSYMBOL.
@lendsym.size(optional)Holds the relative size of the line-end symbol. Value conforms to data.FONTSIZESCALE.
@lstartsym(optional)Symbol rendered at start of line. Value conforms to data.LINESTARTENDSYMBOL.
@lstartsym.size(optional)Holds the relative size of the line-start symbol. Value conforms to data.FONTSIZESCALE.
(MEI.shared) Attributes that record the basic visual rendition of lines.
@lform(optional)Describes the style of a line. Value conforms to data.LINEFORM.
@lwidth(optional)Width of a line. Value conforms to data.LINEWIDTH.
@lsegs(optional)Describes the number of segments into which a dashed or dotted line may be divided, or the number of "peaks" of a wavy line; a pair of space-separated values (minimum and maximum, respectively) provides a range between which a rendering system-supplied value may fall, while a single value indicates a fixed amount of space; that is, the minimum and maximum values are equal. One or two values of datatype a positive integer no smaller than 2, separated by a space.
(MEI.shared) Attributes capturing placement information with respect to the staff.
@place(optional)Captures the placement of the item with respect to the staff with which it is associated. Value conforms to data.STAFFREL.
(MEI.shared) Typographical attributes.
@fontfam(optional)Contains the name of a font-family. Value conforms to data.FONTFAMILY.
@fontname(optional)Holds the name of a font. Value conforms to data.FONTNAME.
@fontsize(optional)Indicates the size of a font expressed in printers' points, i.e., 1/72nd of an inch, relative terms, e.g., small, larger, etc., or percentage values relative to normal size, e.g., 125%. Value conforms to data.FONTSIZE.
@fontstyle(optional)Records the style of a font, i.e., italic, oblique, or normal. Value conforms to data.FONTSTYLE.
@fontweight(optional)Used to indicate bold type. Value conforms to data.FONTWEIGHT.
@letterspacing(optional)Indicates letter spacing (aka tracking) in analogy to the CSS letter-spacing property. Value conforms to data.MEASUREMENTTYPOGRAPHYSIGNED.
@lineheight(optional)Indicates line height in analogy to the CSS line-height property. Value conforms to either data.MEASUREMENTTYPOGRAPHYUNSIGNED or data.PERCENT.
(MEI.shared) Visual offset attributes. Some items may have their location recorded in terms of offsets from their programmatically-determined location. The ho attribute records the horizontal offset while vo records the vertical. The to attribute holds a timestamp offset, the most common use of which is as an alternative to the ho attribute.
(MEI.shared) Horizontal offset attributes.
@ho(optional)Records a horizontal adjustment to a feature’s programmatically-determined location in terms of staff interline distance; that is, in units of 1/2 the distance between adjacent staff lines. Value conforms to data.MEASUREMENTSIGNED.
(MEI.shared) Vertical offset attributes.
@vo(optional)Records the vertical adjustment of a feature’s programmatically-determined location in terms of staff interline distance; that is, in units of 1/2 the distance between adjacent staff lines. Value conforms to data.MEASUREMENTSIGNED.
(MEI.gestural) Gestural domain attributes.
@dir(required)Records the position of the piano damper pedal. Allowed values are: "down" (Depress the pedal.), "up" (Release the pedal.), "half" (Half pedal.), "bounce" (Release then immediately depress the pedal.)
@func(optional)Indicates the function of the depressed pedal, but not necessarily the text associated with its use. Use the <dir> element for such text. Suggested values are: "sustain" (The sustain pedal, also referred to as the "damper" pedal, allows the piano strings to vibrate sympathetically with the struck strings. It is the right-most and the most frequently used pedal on modern pianos.), "soft" (The soft pedal, sometimes called the "una corda", "piano", or "half-blow" pedal, reduces the volume and modifies the timbre of the piano. On the modern piano, it is the left-most pedal.), "sostenuto" (The sostenuto or tone-sustaining pedal allows notes already undamped to continue to ring while other notes are damped normally; that is, on their release by the fingers. This is usually the center pedal of the modern piano.), "silent" (The silent or practice pedal mutes the volume of the piano so that one may practice quietly. It is sometimes a replacement for the sostenuto pedal, especially on an upright or vertical instrument.)
@glyph.auth(optional)A name or label associated with the controlled vocabulary from which the value of @glyph.name or @glyph.num is taken, or the textual content of the element. Suggested values are: "smufl" (Standard Music Font Layout.)
@glyph.name(optional)Glyph name. Value is plain text.
@glyph.num(optional)Numeric glyph reference in hexadecimal notation, e.g., "#xE000" or "U+E000". N.B. SMuFL version 1.18 uses the range U+E000 - U+ECBF. Value conforms to data.HEXNUM.
@glyph.uri(optional)The web-accessible location of the controlled vocabulary from which the value of @glyph.name or @glyph.num is taken, or the textual content of the element. Value conforms to data.URI.
@color(optional)Used to indicate visual appearance. Do not confuse this with the musical term 'color' as used in pre-CMN notation. Value conforms to data.COLOR.
@endid(optional)Indicates the final element in a sequence of events to which the feature applies. Value conforms to data.URI.
@fontfam(optional)Contains the name of a font-family. Value conforms to data.FONTFAMILY.
@fontname(optional)Holds the name of a font. Value conforms to data.FONTNAME.
@fontsize(optional)Indicates the size of a font expressed in printers' points, i.e., 1/72nd of an inch, relative terms, e.g., small, larger, etc., or percentage values relative to normal size, e.g., 125%. Value conforms to data.FONTSIZE.
@fontstyle(optional)Records the style of a font, i.e., italic, oblique, or normal. Value conforms to data.FONTSTYLE.
@fontweight(optional)Used to indicate bold type. Value conforms to data.FONTWEIGHT.
@ho(optional)Records a horizontal adjustment to a feature’s programmatically-determined location in terms of staff interline distance; that is, in units of 1/2 the distance between adjacent staff lines. Value conforms to data.MEASUREMENTSIGNED.
@label(optional)Captures text to be used to generate a label for the element to which it’s attached, a "tool tip" or prefatory text, for example. Should not be used to record document content. Value is plain text.
@layer(optional)Identifies the layer to which a feature applies. One or more values of datatype positiveInteger, separated by spaces.
@lendsym(optional)Symbol rendered at end of line. Value conforms to data.LINESTARTENDSYMBOL.
@lendsym.size(optional)Holds the relative size of the line-end symbol. Value conforms to data.FONTSIZESCALE.
@letterspacing(optional)Indicates letter spacing (aka tracking) in analogy to the CSS letter-spacing property. Value conforms to data.MEASUREMENTTYPOGRAPHYSIGNED.
@lform(optional)Describes the style of a line. Value conforms to data.LINEFORM.
@lineheight(optional)Indicates line height in analogy to the CSS line-height property. Value conforms to either data.MEASUREMENTTYPOGRAPHYUNSIGNED or data.PERCENT.
@lsegs(optional)Describes the number of segments into which a dashed or dotted line may be divided, or the number of "peaks" of a wavy line; a pair of space-separated values (minimum and maximum, respectively) provides a range between which a rendering system-supplied value may fall, while a single value indicates a fixed amount of space; that is, the minimum and maximum values are equal. One or two values of datatype a positive integer no smaller than 2, separated by a space.
@lstartsym(optional)Symbol rendered at start of line. Value conforms to data.LINESTARTENDSYMBOL.
@lstartsym.size(optional)Holds the relative size of the line-start symbol. Value conforms to data.FONTSIZESCALE.
@lwidth(optional)Width of a line. Value conforms to data.LINEWIDTH.
@place(optional)Captures the placement of the item with respect to the staff with which it is associated. Value conforms to data.STAFFREL.
@plist(optional)When the target attribute is present, plist identifies the active participants; that is, those entities pointed "from", in a relationship with the specified target(s). When the target attribute is not present, it identifies participants in a mutual relationship. One or more values from data.URI, separated by spaces.
@staff(optional)Signifies the staff on which a notated event occurs or to which a control event applies. Mandatory when applicable. One or more values of datatype positiveInteger, separated by spaces.
@startid(optional)Holds a reference to the first element in a sequence of events to which the feature applies. Value conforms to data.URI.
@tstamp(optional)Encodes the onset time in terms of musical time, i.e., beats[.fractional beat part], as expressed in the written time signature. Value conforms to data.BEAT.
@tstamp2(optional)Encodes the ending point of an event, i.e., a count of measures plus a beat location in the ending measure. Value conforms to data.MEASUREBEAT.
@type(optional)Designation which characterizes the element in some sense, using any convenient classification scheme or typology that employs single-token labels. One or more values of datatype NMTOKEN, separated by spaces.
@vo(optional)Records the vertical adjustment of a feature’s programmatically-determined location in terms of staff interline distance; that is, in units of 1/2 the distance between adjacent staff lines. Value conforms to data.MEASUREMENTSIGNED.
@xml:id(optional)Regularizes the naming of an element and thus facilitates building links between it and other resources. Each id attribute within a document must have a unique value. Value is a valid xml:id.
@form(optional)Determines whether piano pedal marks should be rendered as lines or as terms. Value conforms to data.PEDALSTYLE.
Member of
model.controlEventLike.cmnGroups control events that appear in CMN.
Contained By
(MEI.cmn) Groups control events that appear in CMN.
(MEI.cmn) Groups elements that may appear within a CMN measure.
<measure>Unit of musical time consisting of a fixed number of note values of a given type, as determined by the prevailing meter, and delimited in musical notation by bar lines.
<measure>Unit of musical time consisting of a fixed number of note values of a given type, as determined by the prevailing meter, and delimited in musical notation by bar lines.
May Contain
– (<pedal> may not have child elements)
Remarks

The starting point of the pedal mark may be indicated by either a @startid, @tstamp, @tstamp.ges, or @tstamp.real attribute. It is a semantic error not to specify one of these attributes.

Constraints

Must have one of the attributes: startid, tstamp, tstamp.ges or tstamp.real.

Declaration
<elementSpec rend="add" ident="pedal" module="MEI.cmn">
<desc xml:lang="en">Piano pedal mark.</desc>
<classes>
<memberOf key="att.common"/>
<memberOf key="att.pedal.log"/>
<memberOf key="att.pedal.vis"/>
<memberOf key="att.pedal.ges"/>
<memberOf key="model.controlEventLike.cmn"/>
</classes>
<content>
<empty/>
</content>
<constraintSpec ident="pedal_start-type_attributes_required" scheme="schematron">
<constraint>
<sch:rule context="mei:pedal">
<sch:assert test="@startid or @tstamp or @tstamp.ges or @tstamp.real">Must have one of the attributes: startid, tstamp, tstamp.ges or tstamp.real.</sch:assert>
</sch:rule>
</constraint>
</constraintSpec>
<remarks xml:lang="en">
<p>The starting point of the pedal mark may be indicated by either a <att>startid</att>, <att>tstamp</att>, <att>tstamp.ges</att>, or <att>tstamp.real</att> attribute. It is a semantic error not to specify one of these attributes.</p>
</remarks>
</elementSpec>
MEI Version: 6.0-dev+basic(#cd58552)