false
true
nonzero
evenodd
inherit
lr-tb
rl-tb
tb-rl
lr
rl
tb
inherit
auto
baseline
before-edge
text-before-edge
middle
central
after-edge
text-after-edge
ideographic
alphabetic
hanging
mathematical
inherit
ltr
rtl
inherit
auto
use-script
no-change
reset-size
ideographic
alphabetic
hanging
mathematical
central
middle
text-after-edge
text-before-edge
inherit
start
middle
end
inherit
normal
embed
bidi-override
inherit
normal
wider
narrower
ultra-condensed
extra-condensed
condensed
semi-condensed
semi-expanded
expanded
extra-expanded
ultra-expanded
inherit
normal
italic
oblique
inherit
normal
small-caps
inherit
normal
bold
bolder
lighter
100
200
300
400
500
600
700
800
900
inherit
auto
sRGB
linearRGB
inherit
default
preserve
visible
hidden
scroll
auto
inherit
butt
round
square
inherit
miter
round
bevel
inherit
auto
sRGB
linearRGB
inherit
auto
optimizeSpeed
optimizeQuality
inherit
inline
block
list-item
run-in
compact
marker
table
inline-table
table-row-group
table-header-group
table-footer-group
table-row
table-column-group
table-column
table-cell
table-caption
none
inherit
auto
optimizeSpeed
optimizeQuality
inherit
visiblePainted
visibleFill
visibleStroke
visible
painted
fill
stroke
all
none
inherit
auto
optimizeSpeed
crispEdges
geometricPrecision
inherit
auto
optimizeSpeed
optimizeLegibility
geometricPrecision
inherit
visible
hidden
inherit
simple
other
onLoad
simple
other
onLoad
simple
embed
onLoad
simple
new
replace
onRequest
disable
magnify
1.1
preserve
spacing
spacingAndGlyphs
spacing
spacingAndGlyphs
spacing
spacingAndGlyphs
spacing
spacingAndGlyphs
align
stretch
auto
exact
strokeWidth
userSpaceOnUse
auto
perceptual
relative-colorimetric
saturation
absolute-colorimetric
userSpaceOnUse
objectBoundingBox
pad
reflect
repeat
userSpaceOnUse
objectBoundingBox
pad
reflect
repeat
userSpaceOnUse
objectBoundingBox
userSpaceOnUse
objectBoundingBox
userSpaceOnUse
objectBoundingBox
userSpaceOnUse
objectBoundingBox
userSpaceOnUse
objectBoundingBox
userSpaceOnUse
objectBoundingBox
userSpaceOnUse
objectBoundingBox
normal
multiply
screen
darken
lighten
matrix
saturate
hueRotate
luminanceToAlpha
over
in
out
atop
xor
arithmetic
duplicate
wrap
none
R
G
B
A
R
G
B
A
erode
dilate
stitch
noStitch
fractalNoise
turbulence
identity
table
discrete
linear
gamma
identity
table
discrete
linear
gamma
identity
table
discrete
linear
gamma
identity
table
discrete
linear
gamma
disable
magnify
always
never
whenNotActive
remove
freeze
discrete
linear
paced
spline
replace
sum
none
sum
discrete
linear
paced
spline
translate
scale
rotate
skewX
skewY
s
Sharp.
f
Flat.
ss
Double sharp (written as 2 sharps).
x
Double sharp (written using croix).
ff
Double flat.
xs
Triple sharp (written as a croix followed by a sharp).
sx
Triple sharp (written as a sharp followed by a croix).
ts
Triple sharp (written as 3 sharps).
tf
Triple flat.
n
Natural.
nf
Natural + flat; used to cancel preceding double flat.
ns
Natural + sharp; used to cancel preceding double sharp.
su
Sharp note raised by quarter tone (sharp modified by arrow).
sd
Sharp note lowered by quarter tone (sharp modified by arrow).
fu
Flat note raised by quarter tone (flat modified by arrow).
fd
Flat note lowered by quarter tone (flat modified by arrow).
nu
Natural note raised by quarter tone (natural modified by arrow).
nd
Natural note lowered by quarter tone (natural modified by arrow).
1qf
1/4-tone flat accidental.
3qf
3/4-tone flat accidental.
1qs
1/4-tone sharp accidental.
3qs
3/4-tone sharp accidental.
s
Sharp.
f
Flat.
ss
Double sharp.
ff
Double flat.
n
Natural.
su
Three quarter-tones sharp.
sd
Quarter-tone sharp.
fu
Quarter-tone flat.
fd
Three quarter-tones flat.
acc
Accent (Unicode 1D17B).
stacc
Staccato (Unicode 1D17C).
ten
Tenuto (Unicode 1D17D).
stacciss
Staccatissimo (Unicode 1D17E).
marc
Marcato (Unicode 1D17F).
spicc
Spiccato.
doit
Main note followed by short slide to higher, indeterminate pitch (Unicode 1D185).
scoop
Main note preceded by short slide from lower, indeterminate pitch (Unicode 1D186).
rip
Main note preceded by long slide from lower, often indeterminate pitch; also known as "squeeze".
plop
Main note preceded by "slide" from higher, indeterminate pitch.
fall
Main note followed by short "slide" to lower, indeterminate pitch.
longfall
Main note followed by long "slide" to lower, indeterminate pitch.
bend
"lip slur" to lower pitch, then return to written pitch.
flip
Main note followed by quick upward rise, then descent in pitch (Unicode 1D187).
smear
(Unicode 1D188).
shake
Alternation between written pitch and next highest overtone (brass instruments) or note minor third higher (woodwinds).
dnbow
Down bow (Unicode 1D1AA).
upbow
Up bow (Unicode 1D1AB).
harm
Harmonic (Unicode 1D1AC).
snap
Snap pizzicato (Unicode 1D1AD).
fingernail
Fingernail (Unicode 1D1B3).
damp
Stop harp string from sounding (Unicode 1D1B4).
dampall
Stop all harp strings from sounding (Unicode 1D1B5).
open
Full (as opposed to stopped) tone.
stop
"muffled" tone.
dbltongue
Double tongue (Unicode 1D18A).
trpltongue
Triple tongue (Unicode 1D18B).
heel
Use heel (organ pedal).
toe
Use toe (organ pedal).
tap
Percussive effect on guitar string(s).
lhpizz
Left-hand pizzicato.
dot
Uninterpreted dot.
stroke
Uninterpreted stroke.
4
mensur
Between staves only.
staff
Between and across staves as necessary.
takt
Short bar line through a subset of staff lines.
dashed
Dashed line (Unicode 1D104).
dotted
Dotted line.
dbl
(Unicode 1D101).
dbldashed
Double dashed line.
dbldotted
Double dotted line.
end
(Unicode 1D102).
invis
Bar line not rendered.
rptstart
Repeat start (Unicode 1D106).
rptboth
Repeat start and end.
rptend
Repeat end (Unicode 1D107).
single
(Unicode 1D100).
[i|m|t][1-6]
above
The beam is above the material it affects.
below
The beam is below the material it affects.
mixed
The below is above and below the material it affects.
0
1|2|3|4|5
mixed
\.25|\.5|\.75
[0-9](\.25|\.5|\.75)?
full
true
True.
false
False.
high
High certainty.
medium
Medium certainty.
low
Low certainty.
unknown
An unknown level of certainty.
G
G clef (Unicode 1D11E).
GG
Double G clef.
F
F clef (Unicode 1D122).
C
C clef (Unicode 1D121).
perc
Drum clef (Unicode 1D125 or Unicode 1D126).
TAB
Tablature "clef"; i.e. usually "TAB" rendered vertically.
white
White keys.
black
Black keys.
chromatic
Mixed black and white keys.
0
1
aliceblue
Hex: #f0f8ff / RGB: 240,248,255
antiquewhite
Hex: #faebd7 / RGB: 250,235,215
aqua
Hex: #00ffff / RGB: 0,255,255
aquamarine
Hex: #7fffd4 / RGB: 127,255,212
azure
Hex: #f0ffff / RGB: 240,255,255
beige
Hex: #f5f5dc / RGB: 245,245,220
bisque
Hex: #ffe4c4 / RGB: 255,228,196
black
Hex: #000000 / RGB: 0,0,0
blanchedalmond
Hex: #ffebcd / RGB: 255,235,205
blue
Hex: #0000ff / RGB: 0,0,255
blueviolet
Hex: #8a2be2 / RGB: 138,43,226
brown
Hex: #a52a2a / RGB: 165,42,42
burlywood
Hex: #deb887 / RGB: 222,184,135
cadetblue
Hex: #5f9ea0 / RGB: 95,158,160
chartreuse
Hex: #7fff00 / RGB: 127,255,0
chocolate
Hex: #d2691e / RGB: 210,105,30
coral
Hex: #ff7f50 / RGB: 255,127,80
cornflowerblue
Hex: #6495ed / RGB: 100,149,237
cornsilk
Hex: #fff8dc / RGB: 255,248,220
crimson
Hex: #dc143c / RGB: 220,20,60
cyan
Hex: #00ffff / RGB: 0,255,255
darkblue
Hex: #00008b / RGB: 0,0,139
darkcyan
Hex: #008b8b / RGB: 0,139,139
darkgoldenrod
Hex: #b8860b / RGB: 184,134,11
darkgray
Hex: #a9a9a9 / RGB: 169,169,169
darkgreen
Hex: #006400 / RGB: 0,100,0
darkgrey
Hex: #a9a9a9 / RGB: 169,169,169
darkkhaki
Hex: #bdb76b / RGB: 189,183,107
darkmagenta
Hex: #8b008b / RGB: 139,0,139
darkolivegreen
Hex: #556b2f / RGB: 85,107,47
darkorange
Hex: #ff8c00 / RGB: 255,140,0
darkorchid
Hex: #9932cc / RGB: 153,50,204
darkred
Hex: #8b0000 / RGB: 139,0,0
darksalmon
Hex: #e9967a / RGB: 233,150,122
darkseagreen
Hex: #8fbc8f / RGB: 143,188,143
darkslateblue
Hex: #483d8b / RGB: 72,61,139
darkslategray
Hex: #2f4f4f / RGB: 47,79,79
darkslategrey
Hex: #2f4f4f / RGB: 47,79,79
darkturquoise
Hex: #00ced1 / RGB: 0,206,209
darkviolet
Hex: #9400d3 / RGB: 148,0,211
deeppink
Hex: #ff1493 / RGB: 255,20,147
deepskyblue
Hex: #00bfff / RGB: 0,191,255
dimgray
Hex: #696969 / RGB: 105,105,105
dimgrey
Hex: #696969 / RGB: 105,105,105
dodgerblue
Hex: #1e90ff / RGB: 30,144,255
firebrick
Hex: #b22222 / RGB: 178,34,34
floralwhite
Hex: #fffaf0 / RGB: 255,250,240
forestgreen
Hex: #228b22 / RGB: 34,139,34
fuchsia
Hex: #ff00ff / RGB: 255,0,255
gainsboro
Hex: #dcdcdc / RGB: 220,220,220
ghostwhite
Hex: #f8f8ff / RGB: 248,248,255
gold
Hex: #ffd700 / RGB: 255,215,0
goldenrod
Hex: #daa520 / RGB: 218,165,32
gray
Hex: #808080 / RGB: 128,128,128
green
Hex: #008000 / RGB: 0,128,0
greenyellow
Hex: #adff2f / RGB: 173,255,47
grey
Hex: #808080 / RGB: 128,128,128
honeydew
Hex: #f0fff0 / RGB: 240,255,240
hotpink
Hex: #ff69b4 / RGB: 255,105,180
indianred
Hex: #cd5c5c / RGB: 205,92,92
indigo
Hex: #4b0082 / RGB: 75,0,130
ivory
Hex: #fffff0 / RGB: 255,255,240
khaki
Hex: #f0e68c / RGB: 240,230,140
lavender
Hex: #e6e6fa / RGB: 230,230,250
lavenderblush
Hex: #fff0f5 / RGB: 255,240,245
lawngreen
Hex: #7cfc00 / RGB: 124,252,0
lemonchiffon
Hex: #fffacd / RGB: 255,250,205
lightblue
Hex: #add8e6 / RGB: 173,216,230
lightcoral
Hex: #f08080 / RGB: 240,128,128
lightcyan
Hex: #e0ffff / RGB: 224,255,255
lightgoldenrodyellow
Hex: #fafad2 / RGB: 250,250,210
lightgray
Hex: #d3d3d3 / RGB: 211,211,211
lightgreen
Hex: #90ee90 / RGB: 144,238,144
lightgrey
Hex: #d3d3d3 / RGB: 211,211,211
lightpink
Hex: #ffb6c1 / RGB: 255,182,193
lightsalmon
Hex: #ffa07a / RGB: 255,160,122
lightseagreen
Hex: #20b2aa / RGB: 32,178,170
lightskyblue
Hex: #87cefa / RGB: 135,206,250
lightslategray
Hex: #778899 / RGB: 119,136,153
lightslategrey
Hex: #778899 / RGB: 119,136,153
lightsteelblue
Hex: #b0c4de / RGB: 176,196,222
lightyellow
Hex: #ffffe0 / RGB: 255,255,224
lime
Hex: #00ff00 / RGB: 0,255,0
limegreen
Hex: #32cd32 / RGB: 50,205,50
linen
Hex: #faf0e6 / RGB: 250,240,230
magenta
Hex: #ff00ff / RGB: 255,0,255
maroon
Hex: #800000 / RGB: 128,0,0
mediumaquamarine
Hex: #66cdaa / RGB: 102,205,170
mediumblue
Hex: #0000cd / RGB: 0,0,205
mediumorchid
Hex: #ba55d3 / RGB: 186,85,211
mediumpurple
Hex: #9370db / RGB: 147,112,219
mediumseagreen
Hex: #3cb371 / RGB: 60,179,113
mediumslateblue
Hex: #7b68ee / RGB: 123,104,238
mediumspringgreen
Hex: #00fa9a / RGB: 0,250,154
mediumturquoise
Hex: #48d1cc / RGB: 72,209,204
mediumvioletred
Hex: #c71585 / RGB: 199,21,133
midnightblue
Hex: #191970 / RGB: 25,25,112
mintcream
Hex: #f5fffa / RGB: 245,255,250
mistyrose
Hex: #ffe4e1 / RGB: 255,228,225
moccasin
Hex: #ffe4b5 / RGB: 255,228,181
navajowhite
Hex: #ffdead / RGB: 255,222,173
navy
Hex: #000080 / RGB: 0,0,128
oldlace
Hex: #fdf5e6 / RGB: 253,245,230
olive
Hex: #808000 / RGB: 128,128,0
olivedrab
Hex: #6b8e23 / RGB: 107,142,35
orange
Hex: #ffa500 / RGB: 255,165,0
orangered
Hex: #ff4500 / RGB: 255,69,0
orchid
Hex: #da70d6 / RGB: 218,112,214
palegoldenrod
Hex: #eee8aa / RGB: 238,232,170
palegreen
Hex: #98fb98 / RGB: 152,251,152
paleturquoise
Hex: #afeeee / RGB: 175,238,238
palevioletred
Hex: #db7093 / RGB: 219,112,147
papayawhip
Hex: #ffefd5 / RGB: 255,239,213
peachpuff
Hex: #ffdab9 / RGB: 255,218,185
peru
Hex: #cd853f / RGB: 205,133,63
pink
Hex: #ffc0cb / RGB: 255,192,203
plum
Hex: #dda0dd / RGB: 221,160,221
powderblue
Hex: #b0e0e6 / RGB: 176,224,230
purple
Hex: #800080 / RGB: 128,0,128
red
Hex: #ff0000 / RGB: 255,0,0
rosybrown
Hex: #bc8f8f / RGB: 188,143,143
royalblue
Hex: #4169e1 / RGB: 65,105,225
saddlebrown
Hex: #8b4513 / RGB: 139,69,19
salmon
Hex: #fa8072 / RGB: 250,128,114
sandybrown
Hex: #f4a460 / RGB: 244,164,96
seagreen
Hex: #2e8b57 / RGB: 46,139,87
seashell
Hex: #fff5ee / RGB: 255,245,238
sienna
Hex: #a0522d / RGB: 160,82,45
silver
Hex: #c0c0c0 / RGB: 192,192,192
skyblue
Hex: #87ceeb / RGB: 135,206,235
slateblue
Hex: #6a5acd / RGB: 106,90,205
slategray
Hex: #708090 / RGB: 112,128,144
slategrey
Hex: #708090 / RGB: 112,128,144
snow
Hex: #fffafa / RGB: 255,250,250
springgreen
Hex: #00ff7f / RGB: 0,255,127
steelblue
Hex: #4682b4 / RGB: 70,130,180
tan
Hex: #d2b48c / RGB: 210,180,140
teal
Hex: #008080 / RGB: 0,128,128
thistle
Hex: #d8bfd8 / RGB: 216,191,216
tomato
Hex: #ff6347 / RGB: 255,99,71
turquoise
Hex: #40e0d0 / RGB: 64,224,208
violet
Hex: #ee82ee / RGB: 238,130,238
wheat
Hex: #f5deb3 / RGB: 245,222,179
white
Hex: #ffffff / RGB: 255,255,255
whitesmoke
Hex: #f5f5f5 / RGB: 245,245,245
yellow
Hex: #ffff00 / RGB: 255,255,0
yellowgreen
Hex: #9acd32 / RGB: 154,205,50
#[0-9A-Fa-f]{6,6}
#[0-9A-Fa-f]{8,8}
rgb\((\s*(([01]?[0-9]?[0-9])|2[0-4][0-9]|25[0-5])\s*,\s*){2}([01]?[0-9]?[0-9]|2[0-4][0-9]|25[0-5])\s*\)
rgba\(\s*(([01]?[0-9]?[0-9]|2[0-4][0-9]|25[0-5])\s*,\s*){3}(0(\.\d+)?|1(\.0+)?)\s*\)|rgba\(\s*(((\d{1,2})?%|100%)\s*,\s*){2}(\d{1,2}%|100%)\s*,\s*(0(\.\d+)?|1(\.0+)?)\s*\)
hsl\(\s*((\d{1,2})|[12]\d{2}|3[0-5]\d|360)\s*,\s*(\d{1,2}%|100%)\s*,\s*(\d{1,2}%|100%)\s*\)
hsla\(\s*(\d{1,2}|[12]\d{2}|3[0-5]\d|360)\s*,\s*(\d{1,2}%|100%)\s*,\s*(\d{1,2}%|100%)\s*,\s*(0(\.\d+)?|1(\.0+)?)\s*\)
360.0
-360.0
paren
Parentheses: ( and ).
brack
Square brackets: [ and ].
void
Unfilled
solid
Filled
top
Top half filled
bottom
Bottom half filled
left
Left half filled
right
Right half filled
1
4
x|o|t
\d*(\.\d+)?(pt|vu)
(pt|vu)
0+(pt|vu)
0+(\.0+)?(pt|vu)
\.0+(pt|vu)
1
9
xx-small
Smaller than x-small.
x-small
Smaller than small, larger than xx-small.
small
Smaller than normal, larger than x-small.
normal
Smaller than large, larger than small.
large
Smaller than x-large, larger than normal.
x-large
Smaller than xx-large, larger than large.
xx-large
Larger than x-large.
smaller
One size smaller than the current size.
larger
One size larger than the current size.
italic
Text slants to right.
normal
Unadorned.
oblique
Text slants to the left.
bold
Bold or heavy.
normal
Not bold.
i
First note/chord in glissando.
m
Note/chord that's neither first nor last in glissando.
t
Last note in glissando.
acc
Time "stolen" from following note.
unacc
Time "stolen" from previous note.
unknown
No interpretation regarding performed value of grace note.
quarter
Filled, rotated oval (Unicode 1D158).
half
Unfilled, rotated oval (Unicode 1D157).
whole
Unfilled, rotated oval (Unicode 1D15D).
backslash
Unfilled backslash (~ reflection of Unicode 1D10D).
circle
Unfilled circle (Unicode 25CB).
+
Plus sign (Unicode 1D144).
diamond
Unfilled diamond (Unicode 1D1B9).
isotriangle
Unfilled isosceles triangle (Unicode 1D148).
oval
Unfilled, unrotated oval (Unicode 2B2D).
piewedge
Unfilled downward-pointing wedge (Unicode 1D154).
rectangle
Unfilled rectangle (Unicode 25AD).
rtriangle
Unfilled right triangle (Unicode 1D14A).
semicircle
Unfilled semi-circle (Unicode 1D152).
slash
Unfilled slash (~ Unicode 1D10D).
square
Unfilled square (Unicode 1D146).
x
X (Unicode 1D143).
(#x|U\+)[A-F0-9]+
left
Left aligned.
right
Right aligned.
center
Centered.
justify
Left and right aligned.
[AdMmP][0-9]+
u|d|s|n|sd|su
(\+|\-)?([AdMmP])?[0-9]+
(\+|\-)?\d+(\.\d+)?hs
[0-9.,DHMPRSTWYZ/:+\-]+
mixed|0|([1-9]|1[0-2])[f|s]
1
Single layer.
2o
Two layers with opposing stems.
2f
Two layers with 'floating' stems.
3o
Three layers with opposing stems.
3f
Three layers with 'floating' stems.
dashed
Dashed line.
dotted
Dotted line.
solid
Straight, uninterrupted line.
wavy
Undulating line.
angledown
90 degree turn down (similar to Unicode 231D at end of line, 231C at start).
angleup
90 degree turn up (similar to Unicode 231F at end of line, 231E at start).
angleright
90 degree turn right (syntactic sugar for "angledown" for vertical or angled lines).
angleleft
90 degree turn left (syntactic sugar for "angleup" for vertical or angled lines).
arrow
Filled, triangular arrowhead (similar to Unicode U+25C0 or SMuFL U+EB78).
arrowopen
Open triangular arrowhead (similar to Unicode U+02C3 or SMuFL U+EB8A).
arrowwhite
Unfilled, triangular arrowhead (similar to Unicode U+25C1 or SMuFL U+EB82).
harpoonleft
Harpoon-shaped arrowhead left of line (similar to arrowhead of Unicode U+21BD).
harpoonright
Harpoon-shaped arrowhead right of line (similar to arrowhead of Unicode U+21BC).
H
Hauptstimme (Unicode U+1D1A6 or SMuFL U+E860).
N
Nebenstimme (Unicode U+1D1A7 or SMuFL U+E861).
Th
Theme (SMuFL U+E864).
ThRetro
Theme, retrograde (SMuFL U+E865).
ThRetroInv
Theme, retrograde inversion (SMuFL U+E866).
ThInv
Theme, inverted (SMuFL U+E867).
T
Theme (SMuFL U+E868).
TInv
Theme, inverted (SMuFL U+E869).
CH
Choralemelodie (SMuFL U+E86A).
RH
Hauptrhythmus (SMuFL U+E86B).
none
No start/end symbol.
narrow
Default line width.
medium
Twice as wide as narrow.
wide
Twice as wide as medium.
([0-9]+m\s*\+\s*)?[0-9]+(\.?[0-9]*)?
(\+|-)?[0-9]+m\+[0-9]+(\.[0-9]*)?
(\+)?\d+(\.\d+)?(cm|mm|in|pt|pc|px|vu)?
(\+|-)?\d+(\.\d+)?(cm|mm|in|pt|pc|px|vu)?
aln
Accented lower neighbor.
ant
Anticipation.
app
Appogiatura.
apt
Accented passing tone.
arp
Arpeggio tone (chordal tone).
arp7
Arpeggio tone (7th added to the chord).
aun
Accented upper neighbor.
chg
Changing tone.
cln
Chromatic lower neighbor.
ct
Chord tone (i.e., not an embellishment).
ct7
Chord tone (7th added to the chord).
cun
Chromatic upper neighbor.
cup
Chromatic unaccented passing tone.
et
Escape tone.
ln
Lower neighbor.
ped
Pedal tone.
rep
Repeated tone.
ret
Retardation.
23ret
2-3 retardation.
78ret
7-8 retardation.
sus
Suspension.
43sus
4-3 suspension.
98sus
9-8 suspension.
76sus
7-6 suspension.
un
Upper neighbor.
un7
Upper neighbor (7th added to the chord).
upt
Unaccented passing tone.
upt7
Unaccented passing tone (7th added to the chord).
C
Tempus imperfectum.
O
Tempus perfectum.
common
Common time; i.e. 4/4.
cut
Cut time; i.e. 2/2.
0|([1-9]|1[0-5])o?|16o
Acoustic Grand Piano
Program #0.
Bright Acoustic Piano
Program #1.
Electric Grand Piano
Program #2.
Honky-tonk Piano
Program #3.
Electric Piano 1
Program #4.
Electric Piano 2
Program #5.
Harpsichord
Program #6.
Clavi
Program #7.
Celesta
Program #8.
Glockenspiel
Program #9.
Music_Box
Program #10.
Vibraphone
Program #11.
Marimba
Program #12.
Xylophone
Program #13.
Tubular Bells
Program #14.
Dulcimer
Program #15.
Drawbar Organ
Program #16.
Percussive Organ
Program #17.
Rock Organ
Program #18.
Church Organ
Program #19.
Reed Organ
Program #20.
Accordion
Program #21.
Harmonica
Program #22.
Tango Accordion
Program #23.
Acoustic Guitar (nylon)
Program #24.
Acoustic Guitar (steel)
Program #25.
Electric Guitar (jazz)
Program #26.
Electric Guitar (clean)
Program #27.
Electric Guitar (muted)
Program #28.
Overdriven Guitar
Program #29.
Distortion Guitar
Program #30.
Guitar harmonics
Program #31.
Acoustic Bass
Program #32.
Electric Bass (finger)
Program #33.
Electric Bass (pick)
Program #34.
Fretless Bass
Program #35.
Slap Bass 1
Program #36.
Slap Bass 2
Program #37.
Synth Bass 1
Program #38.
Synth Bass 2
Program #39.
Violin
Program #40.
Viola
Program #41.
Cello
Program #42.
Contrabass
Program #43.
Tremolo Strings
Program #44.
Pizzicato Strings
Program #45.
Orchestral Harp
Program #46.
Timpani
Program #47.
String Ensemble 1
Program #48.
String Ensemble 2
Program #49.
SynthStrings 1
Program #50.
SynthStrings 2
Program #51.
Choir Aahs
Program #52.
Voice Oohs
Program #53.
Synth Voice
Program #54.
Orchestra Hit
Program #55.
Trumpet
Program #56.
Trombone
Program #57.
Tuba
Program #58.
Muted Trumpet
Program #59.
French Horn
Program #60.
Brass Section
Program #61.
SynthBrass 1
Program #62.
SynthBrass 2
Program #63.
Soprano Sax
Program #64.
Alto Sax
Program #65.
Tenor Sax
Program #66.
Baritone Sax
Program #67.
Oboe
Program #68.
English Horn
Program #69.
Bassoon
Program #70.
Clarinet
Program #71.
Piccolo
Program #72.
Flute
Program #73.
Recorder
Program #74.
Pan Flute
Program #75.
Blown Bottle
Program #76.
Shakuhachi
Program #77.
Whistle
Program #78.
Ocarina
Program #79.
Lead 1 (square)
Program #80.
Lead 2 (sawtooth)
Program #81.
Lead 3 (calliope)
Program #82.
Lead 4 (chiff)
Program #83.
Lead 5 (charang)
Program #84.
Lead 6 (voice)
Program #85.
Lead 7 (fifths)
Program #86.
Lead 8 (bass + lead)
Program #87.
Pad 1 (new age)
Program #88.
Pad 2 (warm)
Program #89.
Pad 3 (polysynth)
Program #90.
Pad 4 (choir)
Program #91.
Pad 5 (bowed)
Program #92.
Pad 6 (metallic)
Program #93.
Pad 7 (halo)
Program #94.
Pad 8 (sweep)
Program #95.
FX 1 (rain)
Program #96.
FX 2 (soundtrack)
Program #97.
FX 3 (crystal)
Program #98.
FX 4 (atmosphere)
Program #99.
FX 5 (brightness)
Program #100.
FX 6 (goblins)
Program #101.
FX 7 (echoes)
Program #102.
FX 8 (sci-fi)
Program #103.
Sitar
Program #104.
Banjo
Program #105.
Shamisen
Program #106.
Koto
Program #107.
Kalimba
Program #108.
Bagpipe
Program #109.
Fiddle
Program #110.
Shanai
Program #111.
Tinkle Bell
Program #112.
Agogo
Program #113.
Steel Drums
Program #114.
Woodblock
Program #115.
Taiko Drum
Program #116.
Melodic Tom
Program #117.
Synth Drum
Program #118.
Reverse Cymbal
Program #119.
Guitar Fret Noise
Program #120.
Breath Noise
Program #121.
Seashore
Program #122.
Bird Tweet
Program #123.
Telephone Ring
Program #124.
Helicopter
Program #125.
Applause
Program #126.
Gunshot
Program #127.
Acoustic Bass Drum
Key #35.
Bass Drum 1
Key #36.
Side Stick
Key #37.
Acoustic Snare
Key #38.
Hand Clap
Key #39.
Electric Snare
Key #40.
Low Floor Tom
Key #41.
Closed Hi Hat
Key #42.
High Floor Tom
Key #43.
Pedal Hi-Hat
Key #44.
Low Tom
Key #45.
Open Hi-Hat
Key #46.
Low-Mid Tom
Key #47.
Hi-Mid Tom
Key #48.
Crash Cymbal 1
Key #49.
High Tom
Key #50.
Ride Cymbal 1
Key #51.
Chinese Cymbal
Key #52.
Ride Bell
Key #53.
Tambourine
Key #54.
Splash Cymbal
Key #55.
Cowbell
Key #56.
Crash Cymbal 2
Key #57.
Vibraslap
Key #58.
Ride Cymbal 2
Key #59.
Hi Bongo
Key #60.
Low Bongo
Key #61.
Mute Hi Conga
Key #62.
Open Hi Conga
Key #63.
Low Conga
Key #64.
High Timbale
Key #65.
Low Timbale
Key #66.
High Agogo
Key #67.
Low Agogo
Key #68.
Cabasa
Key #69.
Maracas
Key #70.
Short Whistle
Key #71.
Long Whistle
Key #72.
Short Guiro
Key #73.
Long Guiro
Key #74.
Claves
Key #75.
Hi Wood Block
Key #76.
Low Wood Block
Key #77.
Mute Cuica
Key #78.
Open Cuica
Key #79.
Mute Triangle
Key #80.
Open Triangle
Key #81.
0|([1-9]|[1-9][0-9]|1([0-1][0-9]|2[0-7]))o?|128o
major
Major mode.
minor
Minor mode.
dorian
Dorian mode.
phrygian
Phrygian mode.
lydian
Lydian mode.
mixolydian
Mixolydian mode.
aeolian
Aeolian mode.
locrian
Locrian mode.
preceding
Temporal predecessor of the resource.
succeeding
Temporal successor to the resource.
original
Original form of the resource.
host
Parent containing the resource.
constituent
Intellectual or physical component of the resource.
otherVersion
Version of the resource's intellectual content not changed enough to be a different work.
otherFormat
Version of the resource in a different physical format.
isReferencedBy
Published bibliographic description, review, abstract, or index of the resource's content.
references
Cited or referred to in the resource.
botmar
At the foot of the page.
topmar
At the top of the page.
leftmar
At the left of the page.
rightmar
At the right of the page.
facing
On the opposite, i.e. facing, page.
overleaf
On the other side of the leaf.
end
At the end of this division; e.g., chapter, volume, etc.
inter
Within a line text; i.e., an insertion.
intra
Between the lines of text, less exact than "sub" or "super".
super
Above a line of text, more exact than "intra(linear)". Do not confuse with superscript rendition.
sub
Below a line of text, more exact than "intra(linear)". Do not confuse with subscript rendition.
inspace
In a predefined space; i.e., that left by an earlier scribe.
superimposed
Obscures original text; e.g., via overstrike, addition of new writing surface material, etc.
cmn
Common Music Notation.
mensural
Mensural notation.
mensural.black
Black mensural notation.
mensural.white
White mensural notation.
neume
Neumatic notation.
tab
Tablature notation.
slash
Slash (upper right to lower left).
backslash
Backslash (upper left to lower right).
vline
Vertical line.
hline
Horizontal line.
centerdot
Center dot.
paren
Enclosing parentheses.
brack
Enclosing square brackets.
box
Enclosing box.
circle
Enclosing circle.
dblwhole
Enclosing "fences".
centertext\((A|B|C|D|E|F|G)(f|♭|n|♮|s|♯)?\)
centertext\(H(s|♯)?\)
9
8|15|22
above
The staff immediately above.
below
The staff immediately below.
1
2
[0-9]+(\.?[0-9]*)?%
(([0-9]|[1-9][0-9])(\.[0-9]+)?|100)%
(\+|-)?(([0-9]|[1-9][0-9])(\.[0-9]+)?|100)%
11
[a-g]
[a-g]|none
none
No rotation.
down
Rotated 180 degrees.
left
Rotated 270 degrees clockwise.
ne
Rotated 45 degrees clockwise.
nw
Rotated 315 degrees clockwise.
se
Rotated 135 degrees clockwise.
sw
Rotated 225 degrees clockwise.
(\^|v)?[1-7](\+|\-)?
1
6
[i|m|t][1-6]
accid
Accidentals.
annot
Annotations.
artic
Articulations.
dir
Directives.
dynam
Dynamics.
harm
Harmony indications.
ornam
Ornaments.
sp
Spoken text.
stageDir
Stage directions.
tempo
Tempo markings.
above
Above the staff.
below
Below the staff.
between
Between staves.
within
Within/on the staff.
up
Stem points upwards.
down
Stem points downwards.
left
Stem points left.
right
Stem points right.
ne
Stem points up and right.
se
Stem points down and right.
nw
Stem points up and left.
sw
Stem points down and left.
none
No modifications to stem.
1slash
1 slash through stem.
2slash
2 slashes through stem.
3slash
3 slashes through stem.
4slash
4 slashes through stem.
5slash
5 slashes through stem.
6slash
6 slashes through stem.
sprech
X placed on stem.
z
Z placed on stem.
left
Stem attached to left side of note head.
right
Stem attached to right side of note head.
center
Stem is originates from center of note head.
equal
Equal or 12-tone temperament.
just
Just intonation.
mean
Meantone intonation.
pythagorean
Pythagorean tuning.
quote
Surrounded by single quotes.
quotedbl
Surrounded by double quotes.
italic
Italicized (slanted to right).
oblique
Oblique (slanted to left).
smcaps
Small capitals.
bold
Relative font weight.
bolder
Relative font weight.
lighter
Relative font weight.
box
Enclosed in box.
circle
Enclosed in ellipse/circle.
dbox
Enclosed in diamond.
tbox
Enclosed in triangle.
bslash
Struck through by '\' (back slash).
fslash
Struck through by '/' (forward slash).
line-through
Struck through by '-'; may be qualified to indicate multiple parallel lines, e.g. line-through(2).
none
Not rendered, invisible.
overline
Line above the text; may be qualified to indicate multiple parallel lines, e.g. overline(3).
overstrike
Use for deleted text fully or partially obscured by other text (such as 'XXXXX') or musical symbols (such as notes, rests, etc.).
strike
Struck through by '-'; equivalent to line-through; may be qualified to indicate multiple parallel lines, e.g. strike(3).
sub
Subscript.
sup
Superscript.
superimpose
Use for added text or musical symbols that fully or partially obscure text from an earlier writing stage.
underline
Underlined; may be qualified to indicate multiple parallel lines, e.g. underline(2).
x-through
Crossed-out; equivalent to 'bslash' (\) plus 'fslash' (/); that is, a hand-written 'X'; may be qualified to indicate multiple parallel lines, e.g. x-through(2).
ltr
Left-to-right (BIDI embed).
rtl
Right-to-left (BIDI embed).
lro
Left-to-right (BIDI override).
rlo
Right-to-left (BIDI override).
(underline|overline|line-through|strike|x-through)\(\d+\)
(letter-spacing|line-height)\((\+|-)?\d+(\.\d+)?%?\)
[i|m|t]
[i|m|t][1-6]
top
Top aligned.
middle
Middle aligned.
bottom
Bottom aligned.
baseline
Baseline aligned.
(\p{L}|\p{N}|\p{P}|\p{S})*
long
Quadruple whole note.
breve
Double whole note.
1
Whole note.
2
Half note.
4
Quarter note.
8
8th note.
16
16th note.
32
32nd note.
64
64th note.
128
128th note.
256
256th note.
512
512th note.
1024
1024th note.
2048
2048th note.
beam
Beams.
bend
Bend indications.
bracketSpan
Brackets, e.g., for transcribed ligatures.
breath
Breath marks.
cpMark
Copy marks.
fermata
Fermatas.
fing
Fingerings.
hairpin
Hairpin dynamics.
harpPedal
Harp pedals.
lv
Laissez vibrer indications, sometimes called "open ties".
mordent
Mordents.
octave
Octaviation marks.
pedal
Piano pedal marks.
reh
Rehearsal marks.
tie
Ties.
trill
Trills.
tuplet
Tuplets.
turn
Turns.
[A|a|b|I|i|K|k|M|m|N|n|S|s|T|t|O]|(A|a|S|s|K|k)?(T|t|M|m)(I|i|S|s)?
hasAbridgement
Target is an abridgement, condensation, or expurgation of the current entity.
isAbridgementOf
Reciprocal relationship of hasAbridgement.
hasAdaptation
Target is an adaptation, paraphrase, free translation, variation (music), harmonization (music), or fantasy (music) of the current entity.
isAdaptationOf
Reciprocal relationship of hasAdaptation.
hasAlternate
Target is an alternate format or simultaneously released edition of the current entity.
isAlternateOf
Reciprocal relationship of hasAlternate.
hasArrangement
Target is an arrangement (music) of the current entity.
isArrangementOf
Reciprocal relationship of hasArrangement.
hasComplement
Target is a cadenza, libretto, choreography, ending for unfinished work, incidental music, or musical setting of a text of the current entity.
isComplementOf
Reciprocal relationship of hasComplement.
hasEmbodiment
Target is a physical embodiment of the current abstract entity; describes the expression-to-manifestation relationship.
isEmbodimentOf
Reciprocal relationship of hasEmbodiment.
hasExemplar
Target is an exemplar of the class of things represented by the current entity; describes the manifestation-to-item relationship.
isExemplarOf
Reciprocal relationship of hasExamplar.
hasImitation
Target is a parody, imitation, or travesty of the current entity.
isImitationOf
Reciprocal relationship of hasImitation.
hasPart
Target is a chapter, section, part, etc.; volume of a multivolume manifestation; volume/issue of serial; intellectual part of a multi-part work; illustration for a text; sound aspect of a film; soundtrack for a film on separate medium; soundtrack for a film embedded in film; monograph in a series; physical component of a particular copy; the binding of a book of the current entity.
isPartOf
Reciprocal relationship of hasPart.
hasRealization
Target is a realization of the current entity; describes the work-to-expression relationship.
isRealizationOf
Reciprocal relationship of hasRealization.
hasReconfiguration
Target has been reconfigured: bound with, split into, extracted from the current entity.
isReconfigurationOf
Reciprocal relationship of hasReconfiguration.
hasReproduction
Target is a reproduction, microreproduction, macroreproduction, reprint, photo-offset reprint, or facsimile of the current entity.
isReproductionOf
Reciprocal relationship of hasReproduction.
hasRevision
Target is a revised edition, enlarged edition, or new state (graphic) of the current entity.
isRevisionOf
Reciprocal relationship of hasRevision.
hasSuccessor
Target is a sequel or succeeding work of the current entity.
isSuccessorOf
Reciprocal relationship of hasSuccessor.
hasSummarization
Target is a digest or abstract of the current entity.
isSummarizationOf
Reciprocal relationship of hasSummarization.
hasSupplement
Target is an index, concordance, teacher's guide, gloss, supplement, or appendix of the current entity.
isSupplementOf
Reciprocal relationship of hasSupplement.
hasTransformation
Target is a dramatization, novelization, versification, or screenplay of the current entity.
isTransformationOf
Reciprocal relationship of hasTransformation.
hasTranslation
Target is a literal translation or transcription (music) of the current entity.
isTranslationOf
Reciprocal relationship of hasTranslation.
byte
Bytes.
smil
Synchronized Multimedia Integration Language.
midi
MIDI clicks.
mmc
MIDI machine code.
mtc
MIDI time code.
smpte-25
SMPTE 25 EBU.
smpte-24
SMPTE 24 Film Sync.
smpte-df30
SMPTE 30 Drop.
smpte-ndf30
SMPTE 30 Non-Drop.
smpte-df29.97
SMPTE 29.97 Drop.
smpte-ndf29.97
SMPTE 29.97 Non-Drop.
tcf
AES Time-code character format.
time
ISO 24-hour time format: HH:MM:SS.ss.
Contains classification of the notation contained or described by the element bearing this attribute.
Provides any sub-classification of the notation contained or described by the element, additional to that given by its notationtype attribute.
An element with a notationsubtype attribute must have
a notationtype attribute.
Indicates to what degree the harmonic label is supported by the notation.
explicit
The notation contains all the notes necessary for the harmonic label, e.g., the notes "D F♯ A" for the harmonic label "D".
implied
The harmonic label relies on notes implied, but not actually present, in the notation, e.g., the notes "D F♯ C" for the harmonic label "D7". The note "A" is missing from the notation, but can be implied.
Captures scale degree information using Humdrum **deg syntax -- an optional indicator of melodic approach (^ = ascending approach, v = descending approach), a scale degree value (1 = tonic ... 7 = leading tone), and an optional indication of chromatic alteration, "1", "v7", "^1", or "v5+", for example. The amount of chromatic alternation is not indicated.
Encodes the harmonic interval between pitches occurring at the same time.
Encodes the melodic interval from the previous pitch. The value may be a general directional indication (u, d, s, etc.), an indication of diatonic interval direction, quality, and size, or a precise numeric value in half steps.
Indicates major, minor, or other tonality.
Contains an accidental for the tonic key, if one is required, e.g., if key.pname equals 'c' and key.accid equals 's', then a tonic of C# is indicated.
Indicates major, minor, or other tonality.
Holds the pitch name of the tonic key, e.g. 'c' for the key of C.
Describes melodic function using Humdrum **embel syntax.
Holds pitch class information.
Contains sol-fa designation, e.g., do, re, mi, etc., in either a fixed or movable Do system.
Describes the direction in which an arpeggio is to be performed.
up
Lowest to highest pitch.
down
Highest to lowest pitch.
nonarp
Non-arpeggiated style (usually rendered with a preceding bracket instead of a wavy line).
In the case of cross-staff beams, the beam.with attribute is used to indicate which staff the beam is connected to; that is, the staff above or the staff below.
Provides an example of how automated beaming (including secondary beams) is to be performed.
Indicates whether automatically-drawn beams should include rests shorter than a quarter note duration.
Indicates that this event is "under a beam".
Captures whether a beam is "feathered" and in which direction.
acc
(accelerando) indicates that the secondary beams get progressively closer together toward the end of the beam.
mixed
(mixed acc and rit) for beams that are "feathered" in both directions.
rit
(ritardando) means that the secondary beams become progressively more distant toward the end of the beam.
norm
(normal) indicates that the secondary beams are equidistant along the course of the beam.
Records the placement of the beam relative to the events it affects.
Stem direction must be specified for all notes and chords under the
beam.
Opposing stem directions are required for a beam with @place="mixed".
Opposing stem directions are required for a beam with @place="mixed".
Indicates presence of slash through the beam.
Records the slope of the beam.
Presence of this attribute indicates that the secondary beam should be broken following this note/chord. The value of the attribute records the number of beams which should remain unbroken.
Indicates the performed duration represented by the beatRpt symbol; expressed in time signature denominator units.
\d+(\.\d+)?
Indicates whether the tremolo is measured or unmeasured.
meas
Measured tremolo.
unmeas
Unmeasured tremolo.
"Cut-out" style.
cutout
The staff lines should not be drawn.
Indicates whether to render a repeat symbol or the source material to which it refers. A value of 'true' renders the source material, while 'false' displays the repeat symbol.
Describes the style of the tremolo.
meas
Measured tremolo.
unmeas
Unmeasured tremolo.
Indicates that this element participates in a glissando. If visual information about the glissando needs to be recorded, then a gliss element should be employed instead.
Marks a note or chord as a "grace" (without a definite performed duration) and records from which other note/chord it should "steal" time.
Records the amount of time to be "stolen" from a non-grace note/chord.
Records whether the grace note group is attached to the following event or to the preceding one. The usual name for the latter is "Nachschlag".
pre
Attached to the preceding event.
post
Attached to the following event.
unknown
Attachment is ambiguous.
Captures the visual rendition and function of the hairpin; that is, whether it indicates an increase or a decrease in volume.
cres
Crescendo; i.e., louder.
dim
Diminuendo; i.e., softer.
Indicates that the hairpin starts from or ends in silence. Often rendered as a small circle attached to the closed end of the hairpin. See Gould, p. 108.
Indicates the pedal setting for the harp's C strings.
f
Flat.
n
Natural.
s
Sharp.
Indicates the pedal setting for the harp's D strings.
f
Flat.
n
Natural.
s
Sharp.
Indicates the pedal setting for the harp's E strings.
f
Flat.
n
Natural.
s
Sharp.
Indicates the pedal setting for the harp's F strings.
f
Flat.
n
Natural.
s
Sharp.
Indicates the pedal setting for the harp's G strings.
f
Flat.
n
Natural.
s
Sharp.
Indicates the pedal setting for the harp's A strings.
f
Flat.
n
Natural.
s
Sharp.
Indicates the pedal setting for the harp's B strings.
f
Flat.
n
Natural.
s
Sharp.
Indicates the attachment of an l.v. (laissez vibrer) sign to this element.
Indicates the visual rendition of the left bar line. It is present here only for facilitation of translation from legacy encodings which use it. Usually, it can be safely ignored.
Indicates the function of the right bar line and is structurally important.
Function of the meter signature group.
alternating
Meter signatures apply to alternating measures.
interchanging
Meter signatures are interchangeable, e.g. 3/4 and 6/8.
mixed
Meter signatures with different unit values are used to express a complex metrical pattern that is not expressible using traditional means, such as 2/4+1/8.
Records a number or count accompanying a notational feature.
States where the tuplet number will be placed in relation to the note heads.
Determines if the tuplet number is visible.
Indicates whether the octave displacement should be performed simultaneously with the written notes, i.e., "coll' ottava". Unlike other octave signs which are indicated by broken lines, coll' ottava typically uses an unbroken line or a series of longer broken lines, ending with a short vertical stroke. See Read, p. 47-48.
coll
Coll' ottava (with the octave).
Records the position of the piano damper pedal.
down
Depress the pedal.
up
Release the pedal.
half
Half pedal.
bounce
Release then immediately depress the pedal.
Indicates the function of the depressed pedal, but not necessarily the text associated with its use. Use the dir element for such text.
Suggested values include: 1] sustain; 2] soft; 3] sostenuto; 4] silent
sustain
The sustain pedal, also referred to as the "damper" pedal, allows the piano strings to vibrate sympathetically with the struck strings. It is the right-most and the most frequently used pedal on modern pianos.
soft
The soft pedal, sometimes called the "una corda", "piano", or "half-blow" pedal, reduces the volume and modifies the timbre of the piano. On the modern piano, it is the left-most pedal.
sostenuto
The sostenuto or tone-sustaining pedal allows notes already undamped to continue to ring while other notes are damped normally; that is, on their release by the fingers. This is usually the center pedal of the modern piano.
silent
The silent or practice pedal mutes the volume of the piano so that one may practice quietly. It is sometimes a replacement for the sostenuto pedal, especially on an upright or vertical instrument.
Determines whether piano pedal marks should be rendered as lines or as terms.
line
Continuous line with start and end positions rendered by vertical bars and bounces shown by upward-pointing "blips".
pedstar
Pedal down and half pedal rendered with "Ped.", pedal up rendered by "*", pedal "bounce" rendered with "* Ped.".
altpedstar
Pedal up and down indications same as with "pedstar", but bounce is rendered with "Ped." only.
Describes the enclosing shape for rehearsal marks.
box
Enclosed by box.
circle
Enclosed by circle.
none
No enclosing shape.
Determines whether to display guitar chord grids.
Contains an indication of which staff a note or chord that logically belongs to the current staff should be visually placed on; that is, the one above or the one below.
The performed duration of an individual note in a measured tremolo.
(arpeggiation) – Indicates that the notes of a chord are to be performed successively rather than simultaneously, usually from lowest to highest. Sometimes called a "roll".
An instruction to begin the next section or movement of a composition without pause.
Must have one of the
attributes: startid, tstamp, tstamp.ges or tstamp.real.
A container for a series of explicitly beamed events that begins and ends entirely within a measure.
A beam without a copyof attribute must have at least 2 note, rest, chord, or space
descendants.
(beam span) – Alternative element for explicitly encoding beams, particularly those which extend across bar lines.
Must have one of the
attributes: startid, tstamp, tstamp.ges or tstamp.real.
Must have one of the attributes:
dur, dur.ges, endid, or tstamp2.
(beat repeat) – An indication that material on a preceding beat should be repeated.
A variation in pitch (often micro-tonal) upwards or downwards during the course of a note.
Must have one of the
attributes: startid, tstamp, tstamp.ges or tstamp.real.
Must have one of the attributes:
dur, dur.ges, endid, or tstamp2.
Marks a sequence of notational events grouped by a bracket.
Must have one of the
attributes: startid, tstamp, tstamp.ges or tstamp.real.
Must have one of the attributes:
dur, dur.ges, endid, or tstamp2.
Describes the function of the bracketed event sequence.
Suggested values include: 1] coloration; 2] cross-rhythm; 3] ligature
coloration
Represents coloration in the mensural notation source material.
cross-rhythm
Marks a sequence which does not match the current meter.
ligature
Represents a ligature in the mensural notation source material.
(breath mark) – An indication of a point at which the performer on an instrument requiring breath (including the voice) may breathe.
Must have one of the
attributes: startid, tstamp, tstamp.ges or tstamp.real.
(bowed tremolo) – A rapid alternation on a single pitch or chord.
An indication placed over a note or rest to indicate that it should be held longer than its written value. May also occur over a bar line to indicate the end of a phrase or section. Sometimes called a 'hold' or 'pause'.
Must have one of the
attributes: startid, tstamp, tstamp.ges or tstamp.real.
(fingered tremolo) – A rapid alternation between a pair of notes (or chords or perhaps between a note and a chord) that are (usually) farther apart than a major second.
(glissando) – A continuous or sliding movement from one pitch to another, usually indicated by a straight or wavy line.
Must have one of the
attributes: startid, tstamp, tstamp.ges or tstamp.real.
Must have one of the attributes:
dur, dur.ges, endid, or tstamp2.
A container for a sequence of grace notes.
A graceGrp without a copyof attribute must have at least 2 note, rest, chord, or space
descendants.
The grace attribute is not allowed on
descendants of a graceGrp with a grace attribute.
Indicates continuous dynamics expressed on the score as wedge-shaped graphics, e.g. < and >.
Must have one of the
attributes: startid, tstamp, tstamp.ges or tstamp.real.
Must have one of the attributes:
dur, dur.ges, endid, or tstamp2.
(half-measure repeat) – A half-measure repeat in any meter.
(harp pedal) – Harp pedal diagram.
Must have one of the
attributes: startid, tstamp, tstamp.ges or tstamp.real.
A "tie-like" indication that a note should ring beyond its written duration.
Must have one of the
attributes: startid, tstamp, tstamp.ges or tstamp.real.
Must have one of the attributes:
dur, dur.ges, endid, or tstamp2.
The visual attributes of the lv element (@bezier, @bulge, @curvedir,
@lform, @lwidth, @ho, @startho, @endho, @to, @startto, @endto, @vo, @startvo, @endvo,
@x, @y, @x2, and @y2) will be overridden by visual attributes of the contained curve
elements.
Unit of musical time consisting of a fixed number of note values of a given type, as determined by the prevailing meter, and delimited in musical notation by bar lines.
(meter signature) – Written meter signature.
(meter signature group) – Used to capture alternating, interchanging, and mixed meter signatures.
meterSigGrp must have at least 2 child
meterSig elements.
(measure number) – Designation, name, or label for a measure, often but not always consisting of digits. Use this element when the n attribute on measure does not adequately capture the appearance or placement of the measure number/label.
(measure rest) – Complete measure rest in any meter.
(measure repeat) – An indication that the previous measure should be repeated.
(2-measure repeat) – An indication that the previous two measures should be repeated.
(measure space) – A measure containing only empty space in any meter.
(multiple rest) – Multiple measures of rest compressed into a single symbol, frequently found in performer parts.
(multiple repeat) – Multiple repeated measures.
An indication that a passage should be performed one or more octaves above or below its written pitch.
Must have one of the
attributes: startid, tstamp, tstamp.ges or tstamp.real.
Must have one of the attributes:
dur, dur.ges, endid, or tstamp2.
(ossia layer) – A layer that contains an alternative to material in another layer.
Captures original notation and a differently notated version *present in the source being transcribed*.
In a measure, ossia
may only contain staff and oStaff elements.
In a staff, ossia
may only contain layer and oLayer elements.
(ossia staff) – A staff that holds an alternative passage which may be played instead of the original material.
Piano pedal mark.
Must have one of the
attributes: startid, tstamp, tstamp.ges or tstamp.real.
(rehearsal mark) – In an orchestral score and its corresponding parts, a mark indicating a convenient point from which to resume rehearsal after a break.
Indication of 1) a "unified melodic idea" or 2) performance technique.
Must have one of the
attributes: startid, tstamp, tstamp.ges or tstamp.real.
Must have one of the attributes:
dur, dur.ges, endid, or tstamp2.
The visual attributes of the slur (@bezier, @bulge, @curvedir, @lform,
@lwidth, @ho, @startho, @endho, @to, @startto, @endto, @vo, @startvo, @endvo, @x, @y,
@x2, and @y2) will be overridden by visual attributes of the contained curve
elements.
An indication that two notes of the same pitch form a single note with their combined rhythmic values.
Must have one of the
attributes: startid, tstamp, tstamp.ges or tstamp.real.
Must have one of the attributes:
dur, dur.ges, endid, or tstamp2.
The visual attributes of the tie (@bezier, @bulge, @curvedir, @lform,
@lwidth, @ho, @startho, @endho, @to, @startto, @endto, @vo, @startvo, @endvo, @x, @y,
@x2, and @y2) will be overridden by visual attributes of the contained curve
elements.
A group of notes with "irregular" (sometimes called "irrational") rhythmic values, for example, three notes in the time normally occupied by two or nine in the time of five.
A tuplet without a copyof attribute must have at least 2 note, rest, or chord
descendants.
(tuplet span) – Alternative element for encoding tuplets, especially useful for tuplets that extend across bar lines.
Must have one of the
attributes: startid, tstamp, tstamp.ges or tstamp.real.
Must have one of the attributes:
dur, dur.ges, endid, or tstamp2.
Records semantic meaning, i.e., intended performance, of the mordent. The altsym, glyph.name, or glyph.num attributes may be used to specify the appropriate symbol.
lower
Starts with the written note, followed by its lower neighbor, with a return to the written note. In modern practice, this is called an "inverted mordent" and indicated by a short wavy line with a vertical line through it.
upper
Starts with the written note, followed by its upper neighbor, with a return to the principal note. In modern practice, the symbol lacks the vertical line used for the inverted form.
When set to 'true', a double or long mordent, sometimes called a "pincé double", consisting of 5 notes, is indicated.
Records the written accidental associated with an upper neighboring note.
Records the written accidental associated with a lower neighboring note.
Indicates that this element has an attached ornament. If visual information about the ornament is needed, then one of the elements that represents an ornament (mordent, trill, or turn) should be employed.
When set to 'true', the turn begins on the second half of the beat.
Records meaning; i.e., intended performance, of the turn. The altsym, glyph.name, or glyph.num attributes may be used to specify the appropriate symbol.
lower
Begins on the note below the written note.
upper
Begins on the note above the written note.
An ornament indicating rapid alternation of the main note with a secondary note, usually a step below, but sometimes a step above.
Must have one of the
attributes: startid, tstamp, tstamp.ges or tstamp.real.
Rapid alternation of a note with another (usually at the interval of a second above).
Must have one of the
attributes: startid, tstamp, tstamp.ges or tstamp.real.
An ornament consisting of four notes — the upper neighbor of the written note, the written note, the lower neighbor, and the written note.
Must have one of the
attributes: startid, tstamp, tstamp.ges or tstamp.real.
(MEI corpus) – A group of related MEI documents, consisting of a header for the group, and one or more mei elements, each with its own complete header.
Classifies the cause for the variant reading, according to any appropriate typology of possible origins.
(apparatus) – Contains one or more alternative encodings.
(lemma) – Contains the lemma, or base text, of a textual variation.
(reading) – Contains a single reading within a textual variation.
(speech) – Contains an individual speech in a performance text.
Must have one of the
attributes: startid, tstamp, tstamp.ges or tstamp.real.
Must not have any of the attributes: startid, endid, tstamp, tstamp2, tstamp.ges,
tstamp.real, startho, endho, to, startto, endto, staff, layer, place, or
plist.
(stage direction) – Contains any kind of stage direction within a dramatic text or fragment.
Must have one of the
attributes: startid, tstamp, tstamp.ges or tstamp.real.
Must not have any of the attributes: startid, endid, tstamp, tstamp2, tstamp.ges,
tstamp.real, startho, endho, to, startto, endto, staff, layer, place, or
plist.
Signifies the causative agent of damage, illegibility, or other loss of original text.
Holds a short phrase describing the reason for missing textual material (gap), why material is supplied (supplied), or why transcription is difficult (unclear).
(abbreviation) – A generic element for 1) a shortened form of a word, including an acronym or 2) a shorthand notation.
Records the expansion of a text abbreviation.
(addition) – Marks an addition to the text.
Location of the addition.
Groups a number of alternative encodings for the same point in a text.
(correction) – Contains the correct form of an apparent erroneous passage.
(copy/colla parte mark) – A verbal or graphical indication to copy musical material written elsewhere.
Must have one of the
attributes: startid, tstamp, tstamp.ges or tstamp.real
Must have one of the attributes:
dur, dur.ges, endid, or tstamp2
Contains an area of damage to the physical medium.
Records the degree of damage.
(deletion) – Contains information deleted, marked as deleted, or otherwise indicated as superfluous or spurious in the copy text by an author, scribe, annotator, or corrector.
(expansion) – Contains the expansion of an abbreviation.
Captures the abbreviated form of the text.
Indicates a point where material has been omitted in a transcription, whether as part of sampling practice or for editorial reasons described in the MEI header.
Marks the beginning of a passage written in a new hand, or of a change in the scribe, writing style, ink or character of the document hand.
Describes the character of the new hand.
Identifies the new hand. The value must contain the ID of a hand element given elsewhere in the document.
@new attribute should
have content.
The value in @new should correspond to the @xml:id attribute of a hand
element.
Identifies the old hand. The value must contain the ID of a hand element given elsewhere in the document.
@old attribute should
have content.
The value in @old should correspond to the @xml:id attribute of a hand
element.
A graphical or textual statement with additional / explanatory information about the musical text. The textual consequences of this intervention are encoded independently via other means; that is, with elements such as <add>, <del>, etc.
Must have one of the
attributes: startid, tstamp, tstamp.ges or tstamp.real
Describes the purpose of the metaMark.
Suggested values include: 1] confirmation; 2] addition; 3] deletion; 4] substitution; 5] clarification; 6] question; 7] investigation; 8] restoration; 9] navigation
confirmation
confirmation of a previous textual decision; i.e., cancellation of a deleted passage in a different writing medium.
addition
denoted material is to be inserted in the musical text.
deletion
denoted material is no longer part of the musical text.
substitution
denoted material is replaced, either by the musical text pointed at with the @target attribute or the musical content of the metaMark element itself.
clarification
attempt to clarify a potentially illegible or otherwise unclear part of the musical text.
question
marks a section of the musical text which is to be considered further.
investigation
marks a section of the musical text as an investigation of the consequences of certain compositional decisions or potential alternatives.
restoration
declares a formerly cancelled part of the musical text as valid again.
navigation
clarification of the reading order of the musical text.
(original) – Contains material which is marked as following the original, rather than being normalized or corrected.
(regularization) – Contains material which has been regularized or normalized in some sense.
Indicates restoration of material to an earlier state by cancellation of an editorial or authorial marking or instruction.
Provides a description of the means of restoration, 'stet' or 'strike-down', for example.
Contains apparently incorrect or inaccurate material.
(substitution) – Groups transcriptional elements when the combination is to be regarded as a single intervention in the text.
Contains material supplied by the transcriber or editor for any reason.
Contains material that cannot be transcribed with certainty because it is illegible or inaudible in the source.
A name or label associated with the controlled vocabulary from which the value of glyph.name or glyph.num is taken.
Suggested values include: 1] smufl
smufl
Standard Music Font Layout.
Glyph name.
@glyph.name attribute
should have content.
Numeric glyph reference in hexadecimal notation, e.g. "#xE000" or "U+E000". N.B. SMuFL version 1.18 uses the range U+E000 - U+ECBF.
SMuFL version 1.18 uses the range U+E000 - U+ECBF.
The web-accessible location of the controlled vocabulary from which the value of glyph.name or glyph.num is taken.
Permits the current element to reference a facsimile surface or image zone which corresponds to it.
@facs attribute should
have content.
Each value in @facs should correspond to the @xml:id attribute of a surface or zone
element.
Contains a representation of a written source in the form of a set of images rather than as transcribed or encoded text.
Defines a writing surface in terms of a rectangular coordinate space, optionally grouping one or more graphic representations of that space, and rectangular zones of interest within it.
Defines an area of interest within a surface or graphic file.
The number of columns spanned by this cell.
The number of rows spanned by this cell.
(figure) – Groups elements representing or containing graphic information such as an illustration or figure.
(figure description) – Contains a brief prose description of the appearance or content of a graphic figure, for use when documenting an image without displaying it.
Indicates the location of an inline graphic.
Graphic child of zone should not have
children.
Graphic should have either a
startid attribute or ulx and uly attributes.
Graphic should not have @ulx or @uly
attributes.
Graphic should not have @ho or @vo
attributes.
Indicates the upper-left corner x coordinate.
Indicates the upper-left corner y coordinate.
Contains text displayed in tabular form.
(table data) – Designates a table cell that contains data as opposed to a cell that contains column or row heading information.
(table header) – Designates a table cell containing column or row heading information as opposed to one containing data.
(table row) – A formatting element that contains one or more cells (intersection of a row and a column) in a table.
alter
alternation of fingers.
combi
combination of fingers.
subst
substitution of fingers.
finger – An individual finger in a fingering indication.
Must have one of the
attributes: startid, tstamp, tstamp.ges or tstamp.real.
The stack element is not allowed as a
descendant of fing.
(finger group)– A group of individual fingers in a fingering indication.
At least 2 fing or fingGrp
elements are required.
When @tstamp or @startid is
present on fingGrp, its child elements cannot have a @tstamp or @startid
attribute.
When @tstamp or @startid is not present on fingGrp, each of its child elements must
have a @tstamp or @startid attribute.
Intellectual or artistic realization of a work.
Gathers bibliographic expression entities.
Single instance or exemplar of a source/manifestation.
Gathers bibliographic item entities.
A bibliographic description of a physical embodiment of an expression of a work.
Item children are not permitted when @singleton
equals "true".
A container for the descriptions of physical embodiments of an expression of a work.
The @instant attribute is syntactic sugar for classifying a scribal intervention as an ad-hoc modification; that is, one which does not interrupt the writing process.
unknown
Points to the genetic state that results from this modification.
@state attribute should
have content.
The value in @state should correspond to the @xml:id attribute of a genState
element.
(genetic description) - Bundles information about the textual development of a work.
When set to "true" the child elements are known to be in chronological order. When set to "false" or when not provided, the order of child elements is unknown.
Describes a distinctive state in the textual development of a work.
Records the performed pitch inflection.
The value of @accid.ges should
not duplicate the value of @accid.
Records performed articulation that differs from the written value.
Records the amount of detuning. The decimal values should be rendered as a fraction (or an integer plus a fraction) along with the bend symbol.
Indicates that the performance of the next musical division should begin immediately following this one.
Records performed duration information that differs from the written duration.
Number of dots required for a gestural duration when different from that of the written duration.
Duration as a count of units provided in the time signature denominator.
\d+(\.\d+)?
Duration recorded as pulses-per-quarter note, e.g. MIDI clicks or MusicXML divisions.
Duration in seconds, e.g. '1.732'.
\d+(\.\d+)?
Duration as an optionally dotted Humdrum *recip value.
\d+(\.)*
Indicates an extreme, indefinite performed pitch.
highest
Highest note the performer can play.
lowest
Lowest note the performer can play.
Records performed octave information that differs from the written value.
Contains a performed pitch name that differs from the written value.
Holds a pitch-to-number mapping, a base-40 or MIDI note number, for example.
When the @extremis attribute is used,
the @pname.ges and @oct.ges attributes are not allowed.
Holds the pitch name of a tuning reference pitch.
Holds a value for cycles per second, i.e., Hertz, for a tuning reference pitch.
Provides an indication of the tuning system, 'just', for example.
Indicates that the performance of the next section should begin immediately following this one.
The lateral or left-to-right plane.
The above-to-below axis.
Encodes the onset time in terms of musical time, i.e., beats[.fractional beat part], as expressed in the written time signature.
Records the onset time in terms of ISO time.
Encodes the ending point of an event, i.e., a count of measures plus a beat location in the ending measure.
Records the ending point of an event in terms of ISO time.
Contains a reference to a chordDef element elsewhere in the document.
@chordref attribute
should have content.
The value in @chordref should correspond to the @xml:id attribute of a chordDef
element.
(chord definition) – Chord tablature definition.
An individual pitch in a chord defined by a chordDef element.
Chord/tablature look-up table.
(figure) – Single element of a figured bass indication.
(figured bass) – Symbols added to a bass line that indicate harmony. Used to improvise a chordal accompaniment. Sometimes called Generalbass, thoroughbass, or basso continuo.
(harmony) – An indication of harmony, e.g., chord names, tablature grids, harmonic analysis, figured bass.
Must have one of the
attributes: startid, tstamp, tstamp.ges or tstamp.real.
A reference to a surface element positioned on the outer recto side of a (folded) sheet.
A reference to a surface element positioned on the inner verso side of a (folded) sheet.
A reference to a surface element positioned on the inner recto side of a (folded) sheet.
A reference to a surface element positioned on the outer verso side of a (folded) sheet.
A reference to a surface element positioned on the recto side of the sheet.
A reference to a surface element positioned on the verso side of the sheet.
a
Language material.
c
Notated music.
d
Manuscript notated music.
e
Non-manuscript cartographic material.
f
Manuscript cartographic material.
g
Projected medium.
i
Nonmusical sound recording.
j
Musical sound recording.
k
Two-dimensional nonprojectable graphic.
m
Computer file.
o
Kit.
p
Mixed materials.
r
Three-dimensional artifact or naturally occurring object.
t
Manuscript language material.
Indicates the method employed to mark corrections and normalizations.
silent
Corrections and normalizations made silently.
tags
Corrections and normalizations indicated using elements.
Container for intellectual or physical component parts of a bibliographic entity.
Only child elements of the same name as the parent of the componentList are
allowed.
When any child
element has a comptype attribute, it is recommended that comptype appear on all child
elements.
(access restriction) – Describes the conditions that affect the accessibility of material.
Records information concerning the process by which an item was acquired by the holding institution.
(alternative identifier) – May contain a bibliographic identifier that does not fit within the meiHead element's id attribute, for example because the identifier does not fit the definition of an XML id or because multiple identifiers are needed.
(application information) – Groups information about applications which have acted upon the MEI file.
Provides information about an application which has acted upon the current document.
Supplies a version number for an application, independent of its identifier or display name.
Documents the usage of a specific attribute of the element.
@context attribute should
contain an XPath expression.
Name of the attribute.
Circumstances in which the element appears, an XPath expression.
Defines the class of user for which the work is intended, as defined by age group (e.g., children, young adults, adults, etc.), educational level (e.g., primary, secondary, etc.), or other categorization.
Groups elements that describe the availability of and access to a bibliographic item, including an MEI-encoded document.
Describes a folded sheet of paper.
Contains the primary statement of responsibility given for a work on its title page.
(capture mode) – The means used to record notation, sound, or images in the production of a source/manifestation (e.g., analogue, acoustic, electric, digital, optical etc.).
(carrier form) – The specific class of material to which the physical carrier of the source/manifestation belongs (e.g., sound cassette, videodisc, microfilm cartridge, transparency, etc.). The carrier for a manifestation comprising multiple physical components may include more than one form (e.g., a filmstrip with an accompanying booklet, a separate sound disc carrying the sound track for a film, etc.).
Contains an individual descriptive category in a user-defined taxonomy, possibly nested within a superordinate category.
To be addressable, the category element must
have an xml:id attribute.
(category relationship) – Contains the name of a related category.
Provides a description of the relationship between the current and the target categories.
broader
Category to which the current category is hierarchically subordinate.
narrower
Category which is hierarchically subordinate to the current category.
related
Category that is associatively but not hierarchically linked to the current category.
usefor
Non-preferred category; often a synonym or near-synonym for the preferred category label.
Individual change within the revision description.
The date of the change must be recorded in an
isodate attribute or date element.
It is recommended that the agent responsible for the change be recorded
in a resp attribute or in a name, corpName, or persName element in the respStmt
element.
(change description) – Description of a revision of the MEI file.
Groups information which describes the nature or topic of an entity.
Groups information which describes the nature or topic of an entity.
The physical condition of an item, particularly any variances between the physical make-up of the item and that of other copies of the same item (e.g., missing pages or plates, brittleness, faded images, etc.).
Contains a single entry within a content description element.
List of the material contained within a resource.
When labels
are used, usually each content item has one.
The historical, social, intellectual, artistic, or other context within which the work was originally conceived (e.g., the 17th century restoration of the monarchy in England, the aesthetic movement of the late 19th century, etc.) or the historical, social, intellectual, artistic, or other context within which the expression was realized.
States how and under what circumstances corrections have been made in the text.
Indicates the degree of correction applied to the text.
high
The text has been thoroughly checked and proofread.
medium
The text has been checked at least once.
low
The text has not been checked.
unknown
The correction status of the text is unknown.
A cutout is a section of a document sheet that has been removed and is now missing.
Describes the position of the cutout on the parent folium / bifolium.
outer.recto
removed from outer recto side of bifolium.
inner.verso
removed from inner verso side of bifolium.
inner.recto
removed from inner recto side of bifolium.
outer.verso
removed from outer verso side of bifolium.
recto
removed from recto side of folium.
verso
removed from verso side of folium.
Describes the method of removing the cutout.
Suggested values include: 1] cut; 2] rip
cut
section is cleanly cut by a knife, scissor or other sharp blade.
rip
section is ripped off the page, leaving a rough edge.
Contains a dedicatory statement.
(domains declaration) – Indicates which domains are included in the encoding.
(edition statement) – Container for meta-data pertaining to a particular edition of the material being described.
(editorial declaration) – Used to provide details of editorial principles and practices applied during the encoding of musical text.
(encoding description) – Documents the relationship between an electronic file and the source or sources from which it was derived as well as applications used in the encoding/editing process.
(exhibition history) – A record of public exhibitions, including dates, venues, etc.
(extended metadata) – Provides a container element for non-MEI metadata formats.
(file characteristics) – Standards or schemes used to encode the file (e.g., ASCII, SGML, etc.), physical characteristics of the file (e.g., recording density, parity, blocking, etc.), and other characteristics that have a bearing on how the file can be processed.
(file description) – Contains a full bibliographic description of the MEI file.
Contains a string that uniquely identifies an item, such as those constructed by combining groups of characters transcribed from specified pages of a printed item or a file's checksum.
Describes the order of folia and bifolia making up the text block of a manuscript or print.
Describes a single leaf of paper.
Defines a distinct scribe or handwriting style.
Marks this hand as the first one of the document.
Container for one or more hand elements.
When labels are used,
usually each hand has one.
Provides a container for information about the history of a resource other than the circumstances of its creation.
The acquisition and provenance
elements are not permitted in the work or expression context.
Incipit coded in a non-XML, plain text format, such as Plaine & Easie Code.
incipCode must have a form or mimetype
attribute.
Form of the encoded incipit.
Suggested values include: 1] plaineAndEasie; 2] humdrumKern; 3] parsons
plaineAndEasie
Plaine & Easie Code.
humdrumKern
Humdrum Kern format.
parsons
Parsons code.
Opening words of a musical composition.
An inscription added to an item, such as a bookplate, a note designating the item as a gift, and/or the author's signature.
Describes the scope of any analytic or interpretive information added to the transcription of the music.
Key captures information about tonal center and mode.
Indicates major, minor, or other tonality.
Description of a language used in the document.
(language usage) – Groups elements describing the languages, sub-languages, dialects, etc., represented within the encoded resource.
(MEI header) – Supplies the descriptive and declarative metadata prefixed to every MEI-conformant text.
The meiHead type attribute can have the value 'music'
only when the document element is "mei".
The meiHead type attribute can have the value
'corpus' only when the document element is "meiCorpus".
The meiHead type attribute can have the value
'independent' only when the document element is "meiHead".
Specifies the kind of document to which the header is attached, for example whether it is a corpus or individual text.
music
Header is attached to a music document.
corpus
Header is attached to a corpus.
independent
Header is independent; i.e., not attached to either a music or a corpus document.
Captures information about mensuration within bibliographic descriptions.
Captures information about the time signature within bibliographic descriptions.
Supplies the formal name of the namespace to which the elements documented by its children belong.
Formal namespace identifier; that is, a uniform resource identifier (URI).
Prefix associated with the formal identifier.
Indicates the extent of normalization or regularization of the original source carried out in converting it to electronic form.
(notes statement)– Collects any notes providing information about a text additional to that recorded in other parts of the bibliographic description.
(other distinguishing characteristic) – Any characteristic that serves to differentiate a work or expression from another.
Describes a physical writing surface attached to the original document.
The allowed positions of a patch depend on its parent element.
A patch element must contain either a folium
or a bifolium element.
Describes the position of the patch on the parent folium / bifolium.
outer.recto
patch attached to outer recto side of bifolium.
inner.verso
patch attached to inner verso side of bifolium.
inner.recto
patch attached to inner recto side of bifolium.
outer.verso
patch attached to outer verso side of bifolium.
recto
patch attached to recto side of folium.
verso
patch attached to verso side of folium.
Describes the method of attachment of the patch.
Suggested values include: 1] glue; 2] thread; 3] needle; 4] tape; 5] staple
glue
patch is glued on surface beneath.
thread
patch is sewn on surface beneath.
needle
patch is pinned to the surface beneath.
tape
patch is taped on surface beneath using an adhesive strip.
staple
patch is attached on surface beneath using a staple.
(performance duration) – Used to express the duration of performance of printed or manuscript music or the playing time for a sound recording, videorecording, etc.
Holds a W3C duration value, e.g., "PT2H34M45.67S".
(performance medium) – Indicates the number and character of the performing forces used in a musical composition.
(performance resource) – Name of an instrument on which a performer plays, a performer's voice range, or a standard performing ensemble designation.
Indicates the number of performers.
Marks this instrument or vocal part as a soloist. Do not use this attribute for a solo instrument which is not accompanied.
Several instrumental or vocal resources treated as a group.
Indicates the number of performers.
(physical description) – Container for information about the appearance, construction, or handling of physical materials, such as their dimension, quantity, color, style, and technique of creation.
(physical medium) – Records the physical materials used in the source, such as ink and paper.
(plate number) – Designation assigned to a resource by a music publisher, usually printed at the bottom of each page, and sometimes appearing also on the title page.
Playing speed for a sound recording is the speed at which the carrier must be operated to produce the sound intended (e.g., 33 1/3 rpm, 19 cm/s, etc.).
The cost of access to a bibliographic item.
Numeric value capturing a cost. Can only be interpreted in combination with the currency attribute.
[0-9]+\.[0-9]{2}
Monetary unit.
(project description) – Project-level meta-data describing the aim or purpose for which the electronic file was encoded, funding agencies, etc. together with any other relevant information concerning the process by which it was assembled or collected.
The record of ownership or custodianship of an item.
(publication statement) – Container for information regarding the publication or distribution of a bibliographic item, including the publisher's name and address, the date of publication, and other relevant details.
(revision description) – Container for information about alterations that have been made to an MEI file.
(sampling declaration) – Contains a prose description of the rationale and methods used in sampling texts in the creation of a corpus or collection.
Describes the type of score used to represent a musical composition (e.g., short score, full score, condensed score, close score, etc.).
Describes the principles according to which the musical text has been segmented, for example into movements, sections, etc.
(series statement) – Groups information about the series, if any, to which a publication belongs.
(sound channels) – Reflects the number of apparent sound channels in the playback of a recording (monaural, stereophonic, quadraphonic, etc.).
Records the channel configuration in numeric form.
A bibliographic description of a source used in the creation of the electronic file.
@target attribute should
have content.
Each value in @target should correspond to the @xml:id attribute of a source or
manifestation element or be an external URI.
(source description) – A container for the descriptions of the source(s) used in the creation of the electronic file.
(special reproduction characteristic) – The equalization system, noise reduction system, etc. used in making the recording (e.g., NAB, DBX, Dolby, etc.).
(standard values) – Specifies the format used when standardized date or number values are supplied.
(system requirements) – System requirements for using the electronic item.
(tagging declaration) – Provides detailed information about the tagging applied to a document.
Documents the usage of a specific element within the document.
@context attribute should
contain an XPath expression.
Name of the element.
Circumstances in which the element appears, an XPath expression.
Number of occurrences in the defined context.
Number of occurrences in the defined context that have an xml:id attribute.
Defines a typology either implicitly, by means of a bibliographic citation, or explicitly by a structured taxonomy.
Collection of text phrases which describe a resource.
When labels are used,
usually each term has one.
(title statement) – Container for title and responsibility meta-data.
(track configuration) – Number of physical/input tracks on a sound medium (e.g., eight track, twelve track).
Records the track configuration in numeric form.
(treatment history) – A record of the treatment the item has undergone (e.g., de-acidification, restoration, etc.).
(treatment scheduled) – Scheduled treatment, e.g. de-acidification, restoration, etc., for an item.
(unpublished) – Used to explicitly indicate that a bibliographic resource is unpublished.
(usage restrictions) – Container for information about the conditions that affect use of a bibliographic item after access has been granted.
Contains a description of a watermark or similar device.
Provides a detailed description of a work — a distinct intellectual or artistic creation — specifically its history, language use, and high-level musical attributes (e.g., key, tempo, meter, medium of performance, and intended duration).
(work list) – Grouping mechanism for information describing non-bibliographic aspects of a text.
Recurring lyrics, especially at the end of each verse or stanza of a poem or song lyrics; a chorus.
Division of a poem or song lyrics, sometimes having a fixed length, meter or rhyme scheme; a stanza.
Sung text for a specific iteration of a repeated section of music.
Records a MIDI channel value.
Specifies the 'on' part of the duty cycle as a percentage of a note's duration.
Sets the MIDI port value.
Sets the MIDI track.
Provides a way of pointing to a MIDI instrument definition. It must contain the ID of an instrDef element elsewhere in the document.
@instr attribute
should have content.
The value in @instr should correspond to the @xml:id attribute of an instrDef
element.
Captures the General MIDI instrument number. Use an integer for a 0-based value. An integer preceded by "in" indicates a 1-based value.
Provides a General MIDI label for the MIDI instrument.
Sets the instrument's position in a stereo field. MIDI values of 0 and 1 both pan left, 127 or 128 pans right, and 63 or 64 pans to the center. Positve percentage values pan to the right, negative ones to the left. 0% is centered.
Records a non-General MIDI patch/instrument name.
Records a non-General MIDI patch/instrument number.
Sets the instrument's volume.
Only one of @midi.instrname and @midi.instrnum
allowed.
Only one of @midi.patchname and @midi.patchnum
allowed.
MIDI number in the range set by data.MIDIVALUE.
Captures the number of *quarter notes* per minute. In MIDI, a beat is always defined as a quarter note, *not the numerator of the time signature or the metronomic indication*.
Records the number of microseconds per *quarter note*. In MIDI, a beat is always defined as a quarter note, *not the numerator of the time signature or the metronomic indication*. At 120 quarter notes per minute, each quarter note will last 500,000 microseconds.
MIDI number.
MIDI number.
MIDI Note-on/off velocity.
Indicates the number of pulses (sometimes referred to as ticks or divisions) per quarter note. Unlike MIDI, MEI permits different values for a score and individual staves.
(control change) – MIDI parameter/control change.
(channel) – MIDI channel assignment.
MIDI number in the range set by data.MIDICHANNEL.
(channel pressure) – MIDI channel pressure/after touch.
MIDI cue point.
Arbitrary MIDI data in hexadecimal form.
(instrument definition) – MIDI instrument declaration.
(instrument group) – Collects MIDI instrument definitions.
MIDI marker meta-event.
MIDI text meta-event.
Container for elements that contain information useful when generating MIDI output.
MIDI note-off event.
MIDI note-on event.
MIDI port.
(program) – MIDI program change.
(sequence number) – MIDI sequence number.
Number in the range 0-65535.
65535
(track name) – MIDI track/sequence name.
(velocity) – MIDI Note-on/off velocity.
Indicates whether this is note-on or note-off velocity data.
on
Note-on velocity.
off
Note-off velocity.
constituent
A physical and logical part of entity.
boundwith
A physical, but not logical component of the entity, usually included as part of the binding process.
separated
A logical component of the entity physically held elsewhere.
The comptype attribute may occur on
only when it is a descendant of a
componentList.
Holds a description of any additional material bound with an item, such as non-contemporaneous documents or fragments.
(addition description) – Provides a description of significant additions found within an item, such as marginalia or other annotations.
(binding) – Contains a description of one binding, i.e. type of covering, boards, etc. applied to an item.
(binding description) – Describes the present and former bindings of an item.
Describes the system used to ensure correct ordering of the quires making up an item, typically by means of annotations at the foot of the page.
Records a description of how the leaves or bifolia of an item are physically arranged.
Contains a statement providing information regarding the date, place, agency, or reason for production of the item.
(decoration description) – Contains a description of the decoration of an item.
(decoration note) – Contains a description of one or more decorative features of an item.
Contains the explicit of a manuscript item; that is, the closing words of the text proper, exclusive of any rubric or colophon which might follow it.
Describes the numbering system or systems used to count the leaves or pages in a codex.
Contains a heraldic formula or phrase, typically found as part of a blazon, coat of arms, etc.
Describes how text is laid out on the page, including information about any ruling, pricking, or other evidence of page-preparation techniques.
Specifies the number of columns per page.
Specifies the number of ruled text lines per column.
Specifies the number of written text lines per column.
Specifies the number of ruled staves per column.
Specifies the number of written staves per column.
(layout description) – Collects layout descriptions.
Defines a location within a manuscript or manuscript component, usually as a (possibly discontinuous) sequence of folio references.
Identifies the foliation scheme in terms of which the location is being specified by pointing to some foliation element defining it, or to some other equivalent resource.
Specifies the starting point of the location in a normalized form.
Specifies the end-point of the location in a normalized form.
(locus group) – Groups locations which together form a distinct but discontinuous item within a manuscript or manuscript part, according to a specific foliation.
Identifies the foliation scheme in terms of which the location is being specified by pointing to some foliation element defining it, or to some other equivalent resource.
Contains a string of words through which a manuscript signals the beginning or end of a text division, often with an assertion as to its author and title, which is in some way set off from the text itself, usually in red ink, or by use of different size or type of script, or some other such visual device.
initial
Signals beginning of a text division.
final
Makrs the end of a text division.
(script description) – Contains a description of the letters or characters used in an autographic item.
(script note) – Describes a particular script distinguished within the description of an autographic item.
A single seal or similar attachment.
(seal description) – Describes the seals or similar external attachments applied to an item.
(second folio) – Marks the word or words taken from a fixed point in a codex (typically the beginning of the second leaf) in order to provide a unique identifier for the item.
Provides a description of the leaf or quire signatures found within a codex.
Contains a word or phrase describing an official mark indicating ownership, genuineness, validity, etc.
Provides a description of the physical support material of a written item.
(support description) – Groups elements describing the physical support material of an item.
Short, project-defined name for the material composing the majority of the support.
Suggested values include: 1] paper; 2] parch; 3] mixed
paper
Paper.
parch
Parchment.
mixed
Mixed materials.
(type description) – Contains a description of the typefaces or other aspects of the printing of a printed source.
(type note) – Describes a particular font or other significant typographic feature of a printed resource.
(additional name) – Contains an additional name component, such as a nickname, epithet, or alias, or any other descriptive phrase used within a personal name.
Contains the name of a geopolitical unit consisting of two or more nation states or countries.
(corporate name) – Identifies an organization or group of people that acts as a single entity.
Contains the name of a geopolitical unit, such as a nation, country, colony, or commonwealth, larger than or administratively superior to a region and smaller than a bloc.
Contains the name of any kind of subdivision of a settlement, such as a parish, ward, or other administrative or geographic unit.
(family name) – Contains a family (inherited) name, as opposed to a given, baptismal, or nick name.
Contains a forename, given or baptismal name.
(generational name component) – Contains a name component used to distinguish otherwise similar names on the basis of the relative ages or generations of the persons named.
(geographical feature name) – Contains a common noun identifying a geographical feature.
(geographic name) – The proper noun designation for a place, natural feature, or political jurisdiction.
(name link) – Contains a connecting phrase or link used within a name but not regarded as part of it, such as "van der" or "of", "from", etc.
(period name) – A label that describes a period of time, such as 'Baroque' or '3rd Style period'.
(personal name) – Designation for an individual, including any or all of that individual's forenames, surnames, honorific titles, and added names.
(postal box or post office box) contains a number or other identifier for some postal delivery point other than a street address.
(postal code) contains a numerical or alphanumeric code used as part of a postal address to simplify sorting or delivery of mail.
Contains the name of an administrative unit such as a state, province, or county, larger than a settlement, but smaller than a country.
(role name) – Contains a name component which indicates that the referent has a particular role or position in society, such as an official title or rank.
Contains the name of a settlement such as a city, town, or village identified as a single geopolitical or administrative unit.
full street address including any name or number identifying a building as well as the name of the street or route on which it is located.
(style name) – A label for a characteristic style of writing or performance, such as 'bebop' or 'rock-n-roll'.
Indicates the point of occurrence of this feature along a time line. Its value must be the ID of a when element elsewhere in the document.
@when attribute should
have content.
A
value in @when should correspond to the @xml:id attribute of a when
element.
(audio/video file) – References an external digital audio or video file.
An avFile child of clip cannot have
children.
Defines a time segment of interest within a recording or within a digital audio or video file.
When @begin or @end
is used, @betype should appear on clip or one of its ancestors.
A presentation of one or more musical works.
A recorded performance.
When @begin or @end is used, @betype should be
present.
Indicates a point in time either absolutely (using the absolute attribute), or relative to another when element (using the since, interval and inttype attributes).
@since must be present when @interval is used.
The value in @since should correspond to the @xml:id attribute of a when
element.
When @interval contains an integer value,
@inttype cannot be 'time'.
When @interval contains a time value, @inttype must
be 'time'.
When @absolute is
present, @abstype should be present or @betype should be present on an
ancestor.
Provides an absolute value for the time point.
Specifies the time interval between this time point and the one designated by the since attribute. This attribute can only be interpreted meaningfully in conjunction with the inttype attribute.
1
Specifies the kind of values used in the absolute attribute.
Specifies the kind of values used in the interval attribute.
Identifies the reference point for determining the time of the current when element, which is obtained by adding the interval to the time of the reference point. The value should be the ID of another when element within the same parent element. If the since attribute is omitted and the absolute attribute is not specified, then the reference point is understood to be the immediately preceding when element.
@since attribute
should have content.
The value in @since should correspond to the @xml:id attribute of a when
element.
(pointer) – Defines a traversible pointer to another location, using only attributes to describe the destination.
(reference) – Defines a traversible reference to another location. May contain text and sub-elements that describe the destination.
Records the function of an accidental.
caution
Cautionary accidental.
edit
Editorial accidental.
Captures a written accidental.
Encodes the written articulation(s). Articulations are normally encoded in order from the note head outward; that is, away from the stem. See additional notes at att.vis.note. Only articulations should be encoded in the artic attribute; for example, fingerings should be encoded using the fing element.
Indicates the next section or movement to be performed.
@target attribute
should have content.
The value in @target should correspond to the @xml:id attribute of a section or
mdiv element.
The intended audience.
private
Internal use only.
public
Available to all audiences.
Records the number of augmentation dots required by a written dotted duration.
An element with a dots attribute must also have a dur
attribute.
A name or label associated with a controlled vocabulary or other authoritative source for this element or its content.
A web-accessible location of the controlled vocabulary or other authoritative source of identification or definition for this element or its content. This attribute may contain a complete URI or a partial URI which is completed by the value of the codedval attribute.
Records the appearance and usually the function of the bar line.
States the length of barlines in virtual units. The value must be greater than 0 and is typically equal to 2 times (the number of staff lines - 1); e.g., a value of '8' for a 5-line staff.
0
Records the method of barring.
"mensur" not allowed in this
context.
Denotes the staff location of bar lines, if the length is non-standard; that is, not equal to 2 times (the number of staff lines - 1).
Provides a base URI reference with which applications can resolve relative URI references into absolute URI references.
Contains a reference to a field or element in another descriptive encoding system to which this MEI element is comparable.
Indicates the calendar system to which a date belongs, for example, Gregorian, Julian, Roman, Mosaic, Revolutionary, Islamic, etc.
A value that represents or identifies other data. Often, it is a primary key in the database or a unique value in the coded list identified by the auth or auth.uri attributes.
Contains one or more URIs which denote classification terms that apply to the entity bearing this attribute.
The value in @class must either correspond to the @xml:id attribute of a category
element or be an external URL.
Records the function of the clef. A "cautionary" clef does not change the following pitches.
Encodes a value for the clef symbol.
Contains a default value for the position of the clef. The value must be in the range between 1 and the number of lines on the staff. The numbering of lines starts with the lowest line of the staff.
Records the amount of octave displacement to be applied to the clef.
Records the direction of octave displacement to be applied to the clef.
An 'F', 'C', or 'G' clef requires that its position be
specified.
A TAB or percussion clef requires that the number of lines be
specified.
Describes a clef's shape.
When @shape is present, @line must also be
specified.
Used to indicate visual appearance. Do not confuse this with the musical term 'color' as used in pre-CMN notation.
Indicates this feature is 'colored'; that is, it is a participant in a change in rhythmic values. In mensural notation, coloration is indicated by colored notes (red, black, etc.) where void notes would otherwise occur. In CMN, coloration is indicated by an inverse color; that is, the note head is void when it would otherwise be filled and vice versa.
Indicates the upper-left corner x coordinate.
Indicates the upper-left corner y coordinate.
Indicates the lower-right corner x coordinate.
Indicates the lower-left corner x coordinate.
Records the placement of Bezier control points as a series of pairs of space-separated values; e.g., 19 45 -32 118.
Describes a curve as one or more pairs of values with respect to an imaginary line connecting the starting and ending points of the curve. The first value captures a distance to the left (positive value) or right (negative value) of the line, expressed in virtual units. The second value of each pair represents a point along the line, expressed as a percentage of the line's length. N.B. An MEI virtual unit (VU) is half the distance between adjacent staff lines.
Describes a curve with a generic term indicating the direction of curvature.
above
Upward curve.
below
Downward curve.
mixed
A "meandering" curve, both above and below the items it pertains to.
Describes the line style of a curve.
Width of a curved line.
Encodes the target note when its pitch differs from the pitch at which the custos appears.
@target attribute
should have content.
The value in @target should correspond to the @xml:id attribute of a note
element.
Contains the end point of a date range in standard ISO form.
Provides the value of a textual date in standard ISO form.
Contains an upper boundary for an uncertain date in standard ISO form.
Contains a lower boundary, in standard ISO form, for an uncertain date.
Contains the starting point of a date range in standard ISO form.
Used to link metadata elements to one or more data-containing elements.
@data attribute should
have content.
The value in @data should correspond to the @xml:id attribute of a descendant of
the music element.
Identifies one or more metadata elements (other than classification terms) within the header, which are understood to apply to the element bearing this attribute and its content.
@decls attribute
should have content.
Each value in @decls should correspond to the @xml:id attribute of an element
within the metadata header.
No value in @decls should correspond to the @xml:id attribute of a classification
term. Use @class for this purpose.
Records the default distance from the staff for dynamic marks.
Records the default distance from the staff of harmonic indications, such as guitar chord grids or functional labels.
Determines how far from the staff to render text elements.
Records the function of the dot.
aug
Augmentation dot.
div
Dot of division.
When a duration cannot be represented as a single power-of-two value, multiple space-separated values that add up to the total duration may be used.
Contains a default duration in those situations when the first note, rest, chord, etc. in a measure does not have a duration specified.
Along with numbase.default, describes the default duration as a ratio. num.default is the first value in the ratio.
Along with num.default, describes the default duration as a ratio. numbase.default is the second value in the ratio.
Records the duration of a feature using the relative durational values provided by the data.DURATION datatype.
Along with numbase, describes duration as a ratio. num is the first value in the ratio, while numbase is the second.
Along with num, describes duration as a ratio. num is the first value in the ratio, while numbase is the second.
Records the characters often used to mark accidentals, articulations, and sometimes notes as having a cautionary or editorial function. For an example of cautionary accidentals enclosed in parentheses, see Read, p. 131, ex. 9-14.
Describes where ending marks should be displayed.
top
Ending rendered only above top staff.
barred
Ending rendered above staves that have bar lines drawn across them.
grouped
Endings rendered above staff groups.
Signifies the degree of certainty or precision associated with a feature.
Indicates the nature of the evidence supporting the reliability or accuracy of the intervention or interpretation.
Suggested values include: 1] internal; 2] external; 3] conjecture
internal
There is evidence within the document to support the intervention.
external
There is evidence outside the document to support the intervention.
conjecture
The assertion has been made by the editor, cataloguer, or scholar on the basis of their expertise.
Indicates the presence of an extension symbol, typically a line.
Captures a measurement, count, or description. When extent contains a numeric value, use the unit attribute to indicate the measurement unit.
The @unit attribute is
recommended.
Separation into value (@extent) and unit
(@unit) is recommended.
Indicates the attachment of a fermata to this element. If visual information about the fermata needs to be recorded, then a fermata element should be employed instead.
Holds the number of initial characters (such as those constituting an article or preposition) that should not be used for sorting a title or name.
Indicates the nesting level of staff grouping symbols.
Signifies the hand responsible for an action. The value must be the ID of a hand element declared in the header.
@hand attribute should
have content.
Each value in @hand should correspond to the @xml:id attribute of a hand
element.
Measurement of the vertical dimension of an entity.
Records horizontal alignment.
Regularizes the naming of an element and thus facilitates building links between it and other resources. Each id attribute within a document must have a unique value.
Specifies the applicable MIME (multimedia internet mail extension) type. The value should be a valid MIME media type defined by the Internet Engineering Task Force in RFC 2046.
Used for linking visually separate entities that form a single logical entity, for example, multiple slurs broken across a system break that form a single musical phrase. Also used to indicate a measure which metrically completes the current one. Record the identifiers of the separately encoded components, excluding the one carrying the attribute.
@join attribute should
have content.
Each
value in @join should correspond to the @xml:id attribute of an
element.
Written key signature.
Written key signature.
Captures text to be used to generate a label for the element to which it's attached, a "tool tip" or prefatory text, for example. Should not be used to record document content.
Identifies the language of the element's content. The values for this attribute are language 'tags' as defined in BCP 47. All language tags that make use of private use sub-tags must be documented in a corresponding language element in the MEI header whose id attribute is the same as the language tag's value.
Specifies the transliteration technique used.
Provides a mechanism for linking the layer to a layerDef element.
@def attribute should
have content.
The value in @def should correspond to the @xml:id attribute of a layerDef
element.
Identifies the layer to which a feature applies.
Indicates the line upon which a feature stands. The value must be in the range between 1 and the number of lines on the staff. The numbering of lines starts with the lowest line of the staff.
Symbol rendered at end of line.
Holds the relative size of the line-end symbol.
Symbol rendered at start of line.
Holds the relative size of the line-start symbol.
Describes the line style of a line.
Describes the number of segments into which a dashed or dotted line may be divided, or the number of "peaks" of a wavy line; a pair of space-separated values (minimum and maximum, respectively) provides a range between which a rendering system-supplied value may fall, while a single value indicates a fixed amount of space; that is, the minimum and maximum values are equal.
2
2
@lform attribute
matching "dashed", "dotted", or "wavy" required.
Width of a line.
Points to an element of which the current element is a copy.
An
element with a copyof attribute can only have comment or processing instruction
descendents.
@copyof attribute
should have content.
The
value in @copyof should correspond to the @xml:id attribute of an
element.
Used to point to other elements that correspond to this one in a generic fashion.
@corresp attribute
should have content.
Each
value in @corresp should correspond to the @xml:id attribute of an
element.
points to one or more events in a user-defined collection that are known to be predecessors of the current element.
@follows attribute
should have content.
Each
value in @follows must correspond to the @xml:id attribute of an
element.
Used to point to the next event(s) in a user-defined collection.
@next attribute should
have content.
Each
value in @next should correspond to the @xml:id attribute of an
element.
Points to one or more events in a user-defined collection that are known to be successors of the current element.
@precedes attribute
should have content.
Each
value in @precedes must correspond to the @xml:id attribute of an
element.
Points to the previous event(s) in a user-defined collection.
@prev attribute should
have content.
Each
value in @prev should correspond to the @xml:id attribute of an
element.
Points to an element that is the same as the current element but is not a literal copy of the current element.
@sameas attribute
should have content.
Each
value in @sameas should correspond to the @xml:id attribute of an
element.
Points to elements that are synchronous with the current element.
@synch attribute
should have content.
Each
value in @synch should correspond to the @xml:id attribute of an
element.
Describes the alignment of lyric syllables associated with a note or chord.
Sets the font family default value for lyrics.
Sets the font name default value for lyrics.
Sets the default font size value for lyrics.
Sets the default font style value for lyrics.
Sets the default font weight value for lyrics.
Indicates the unit of measurement.
Suggested values include: 1] byte; 2] char; 3] cm; 4] deg; 5] in; 6] issue; 7] ft; 8] m; 9] mm; 10] page; 11] pc; 12] pt; 13] px; 14] rad; 15] record; 16] vol; 17] vu
byte
Byte.
char
Character.
cm
Centimeter.
deg
Degree.
in
Inch.
issue
Serial issue.
ft
Foot.
m
Meter.
mm
Millimeter.
page
Page.
pc
Pica.
pt
Point.
px
Pixel.
rad
Radian.
record
Record.
vol
Serial volume.
vu
MEI virtual unit.
Indicates whether measure numbers should be displayed.
Specifies a point where the relevant content begins. A numerical value must be less and a time value must be earlier than that given by the end attribute.
Specifies a point where the relevant content ends. If not specified, the end of the content is assumed to be the end point. A numerical value must be greater and a time value must be later than that given by the begin attribute.
Type of values used in the begin/end attributes. The begin and end attributes can only be interpreted meaningfully in conjunction with this attribute.
Describes the writing medium.
Specifies a generic MEI version label.
4.0.0
First release of MEI 4
4.0.1
Bugfix Release 4.0.1
Specifies whether a dot is to be added to the base symbol.
The base symbol in the mensuration sign/time signature of mensural notation.
Indicates the relationship between the content of a staff or layer and the prevailing meter.
c
Complete; i.e., conformant with the prevailing meter.
i
Incomplete; i.e., not enough beats.
o
Overfull; i.e., too many beats.
Indicates the relationship between the content of a measure and the prevailing meter.
Indicates whether or not a bar line is "controlling"; that is, if it indicates a point of alignment across all the parts. Bar lines within a score are usually controlling; that is, they "line up". Bar lines within parts may or may not be controlling. When applied to measure, this attribute indicates the nature of the right barline but not the left.
Captures the number of beats in a measure, that is, the top number of the meter signature. It must contain a decimal number or an additive expression that evaluates to a decimal number, such as 2+3.
\d+(\.\d+)?(\s*\+\s*\d+(\.\d+)?)*
Indicates the use of a meter symbol instead of a numeric meter signature, that is, 'C' for common time or 'C' with a slash for cut time.
Contains the number indicating the beat unit, that is, the bottom number of the meter signature.
Captures the number of beats in a measure, that is, the top number of the meter signature. It must contain a decimal number or an additive expression that evaluates to a decimal number, such as 2+3.
\d+(\.\d+)?(\s*\+\s*\d+(\.\d+)?)*
Contains the number indicating the beat unit, that is, the bottom number of the meter signature.
Indicates the use of a meter symbol instead of a numeric meter signature, that is, 'C' for common time or 'C' with a slash for cut time.
Used to describe tempo in terms of beats (often the meter signature denominator) per minute, ala M.M. (Maezel's Metronome). Do not confuse this attribute with midi.bpm or midi.mspb. In MIDI, a beat is always defined as a quarter note, *not the numerator of the time signature or the metronomic indication*.
Captures the metronomic unit.
Records the number of augmentation dots required by a dotted metronome unit.
Indicates whether programmatically calculated counts of multiple measures of rest (mRest) and whole measure repeats (mRpt) in parts should be rendered.
Used to record a pointer to the regularized form of the name elsewhere in the document.
@nymref attribute
should have content.
The
value in @nymref should correspond to the @xml:id attribute of an
element.
Used to specify further information about the entity referenced by this name, for example, the occupation of a person or the status of a place.
Provides a numeric designation that indicates an element's position in a sequence of similar elements. Its value must be a non-negative integer.
Provides a number-like designation that indicates an element's position in a sequence of similar elements. May not contain space characters.
Sets the default music font name.
Sets the default music font size.
Provides a way of pointing to a user-defined symbol. It must contain a reference to an ID of a symbolDef element elsewhere in the document.
@head.altsym attribute
should have content.
The value in @head.altsym should correspond to the @xml:id attribute of a symbolDef
element.
A name or label associated with the controlled vocabulary from which a numerical value of head.shape is taken.
Suggested values include: 1] smufl
smufl
Standard Music Font Layout.
When
@head.auth matches 'smufl', @head.shape must contain a numeric glyph reference in
hexadecimal notation, e.g. "#xE000" or "U+E000".
Captures the overall color of a notehead.
Describes how/if the notehead is filled.
Captures the fill color of a notehead if different from the overall note color.
Records any additional symbols applied to the notehead.
Describes rotation applied to the basic notehead shape. A positive value rotates the notehead in a counter-clockwise fashion, while negative values produce clockwise rotation.
Used to override the head shape normally used for the given duration.
SMuFL version 1.18 uses the range U+E000 - U+ECBF.
Indicates if a feature should be rendered when the notation is presented graphically or sounded when it is presented in an aural form.
Captures written octave information.
Contains a default octave specification for use when the first note, rest, chord, etc. in a measure does not have an octave value specified.
Records the amount of octave displacement.
Records the direction of octave displacement.
Determines the placement of notes on a 1-line staff. A value of 'true' places all notes on the line, while a value of 'false' places stems-up notes above the line and stems-down notes below the line.
Indicates whether staves without notes, rests, etc. should be displayed. When the value is 'true', empty staves are displayed.
identifies the layer on which referenced notation occurs.
signifies the staff on which referenced notation occurs. Defaults to the same value as the local staff. Mandatory when applicable.
indicates the first element in a sequence of events.
indicates the final element in a sequence of events.
encodes the starting point of musical material in terms of musical time, i.e., a (potentially negative) count of measures plus a beat location.
encodes the ending point of musical material in terms of musical time, i.e., a count of measures plus a beat location. The values are relative to the measure identified by origin.tstamp.
When @origin.tstamp2 is used @origin.tstamp must
also be present.
Specifies the height of the page; may be expressed in real-world units or staff steps.
Describes the width of the page; may be expressed in real-world units or staff steps.
Indicates the amount of whitespace at the top of a page.
Indicates the amount of whitespace at the bottom of a page.
Indicates the amount of whitespace at the left side of a page.
Indicates the amount of whitespace at the right side of a page.
Indicates the number of logical pages to be rendered on a single physical page.
Indicates how the page should be scaled when rendered.
Indicates the part in which the current feature should appear. Use '%all' when the feature should occur in every part.
(%all|#[\i][\c]+)
'%all' cannot be mixed with other
values.
Signifies the part staff on which a notated feature occurs. Use '%all' when the feature should occur on every staff.
(%all|\d+(-\d+)?)
'%all' cannot be mixed with other
values.
Contains a written pitch name.
Captures the placement of the item with respect to the staff with which it is associated.
When the target attribute is present, plist identifies the active participants; that is, those entities pointed "from", in a relationship with the specified target(s). When the target attribute is not present, it identifies participants in a mutual relationship.
@plist attribute
should have content.
Each
value in @plist should correspond to the @xml:id attribute of an
element.
Defines whether a link occurs automatically or must be requested by the user.
onLoad
Load the target resource(s) immediately.
onRequest
Load the target resource(s) upon user request.
none
Do not permit loading of the target resource(s).
other
Behavior other than allowed by the other values of this attribute.
Characterization of the relationship between resources. The value of the role attribute must be a URI.
Defines how a remote resource is rendered.
new
Open in a new window.
replace
Load the referenced resource in the same window.
embed
Embed the referenced resource at the point of the link.
none
Do not permit traversal to the referenced resource.
other
Behavior other than permitted by the other values of this attribute.
Identifies passive participants in a relationship; that is, the entities pointed "to".
Characterization of target resource(s) using any convenient classification scheme or typology.
Numeric value capturing a measurement or count. Can only be interpreted in combination with the unit attribute.
0
Gives a minimum estimated value for an approximate measurement.
Gives a maximum estimated value for an approximate measurement.
Where the measurement summarizes more than one observation or a range of values, supplies the minimum value observed.
Where the measurement summarizes more than one observation or a range of values, supplies the maximum value observed.
Specifies the degree of statistical confidence (between zero and one) that a value falls within the range specified by min and max, or the proportion of observed values that fall within that range.
The attributes @min and @max are required when
@confidence is present.
Indicates the agent(s) responsible for some aspect of the text's transcription, editing, or encoding. Its value must point to one or more identifiers declared in the document header.
@resp attribute should
have content.
The value in @resp should correspond to the @xml:id attribute of an element within
the metadata header.
Scale factor to be applied to the feature to make it the desired display size.
Used to assign a sequence number related to the order in which the encoded features carrying this attribute are believed to have occurred.
Indicates the number of slashes present.
Indicates that this element participates in a slur. If visual information about the slur needs to be recorded, then a slur element should be employed.
Contains a list of one or more pointers indicating the sources which attest to a given reading. Each value should correspond to the ID of a source or manifestationelement located in the document header.
@source attribute
should have content.
Each value in @source should correspond to the @xml:id attribute of a source or
manifestation element.
Describes a note's spacing relative to its time value.
Describes the note spacing of output.
Specifies the minimum amount of space between adjacent staves in the same system; measured from the bottom line of the staff above to the top line of the staff below.
Describes the space between adjacent systems; a pair of space-separated values (minimum and maximum, respectively) provides a range between which a rendering system-supplied value may fall, while a single value indicates a fixed amount of space; that is, the minimum and maximum values are equal.
Provides a mechanism for linking the staff to a staffDef element.
@def attribute should
have content.
The value in @def should correspond to the @xml:id attribute of a staffDef
element.
Indicates the number of staff lines.
Specifies the symbol used to group a set of staves.
brace
Curved symbol, i.e., {.
bracket
Square symbol, i.e., [, but with curved/angled top and bottom segments.
bracketsq
Square symbol, i.e., [, with horizontal top and bottom segments.
line
Line symbol, i.e., |, (wide) line without top and bottom curved/horizontal segments.
none
Grouping symbol missing.
Signifies the staff on which a notated event occurs or to which a control event applies. Mandatory when applicable.
Describes vertical order of items printed above a staff, from closest to farthest away from the staff.
Describes vertical order of items printed below a staff, from closest to farthest away from the staff.
Describes vertical order of items printed between staves, from top to bottom.
Holds the staff location of the feature.
Captures staff location in terms of written pitch name.
Records staff location in terms of written octave.
Indicates the final element in a sequence of events to which the feature applies.
@endid attribute
should have content.
The
value in @endid should correspond to the @xml:id attribute of an
element.
Holds a reference to the first element in a sequence of events to which the feature applies.
@startid attribute
should have content.
The
value in @startid should correspond to the @xml:id attribute of an
element.
Describes the direction of a stem.
Encodes the stem length.
Encodes any stem "modifiers"; that is, symbols rendered on the stem, such as tremolo or Sprechstimme indicators.
Records the position of the stem in relation to the note head(s).
Determines whether a stem should be displayed.
Records the output x coordinate of the stem's attachment point.
Records the output y coordinate of the stem's attachment point.
Describes the symbols typically used to indicate breaks between syllables and their functions.
s
Space (word separator).
d
Dash (syllable separator).
u
Underscore (syllable extension).
t
Tilde (syllable elision).
c
Circumflex [angled line above] (syllable elision).
v
Caron [angled line below] (syllable elision).
i
Inverted breve [curved line above] (syllable elision).
b
Breve [curved line below] (syllable elision).
Records the position of a syllable within a word.
i
(initial) first syllable.
m
(medial) neither first nor last syllable.
t
(terminal) last syllable.
Holds an associated sung text syllable.
Indicates whether the staves are joined at the left by a continuous line. The default value is "true". Do not confuse this with the heavy vertical line used as a grouping symbol.
Describes the amount of whitespace at the left system margin relative to page.leftmar.
Describes the amount of whitespace at the right system margin relative to page.rightmar.
Describes the distance from page's top edge to the first system; used for first page only.
Specifies the intended meaning when a participant in a relationship is itself a pointer.
all
If an element pointed to is itself a pointer, then the target of that pointer will be taken, and so on, until an element is found which is not a pointer.
one
If an element pointed to is itself a pointer, then its target (whether a pointer or not) is taken as the target of this pointer.
none
No further evaluation of targets is carried out beyond that needed to find the element(s) specified in plist or target attribute.
Records the function of a tempo indication.
continuous
Marks a gradual change of tempo, such as "accel." or "rit."
instantaneous
Represents a static tempo instruction, such as a textual term like "Adagio", a metronome marking like "♩=70", or a combination of text and metronome indication.
metricmod
Captures a change in pulse rate (tempo) and/or pulse grouping (subdivision) in an "equation" of the form [tempo before change] = [tempo after change].
precedente
Indicates a change in pulse rate (tempo) and/or pulse grouping (subdivision) in an "equation" of the form [tempo after change] = [tempo before change]. The term "precedente" often appears following the "equation" to distinguish this kind of historical usage from the modern metric modulation form.
Used to extend the values of the rend attribute.
Captures the appearance of the element's contents using MEI-defined descriptors.
Provides a default value for the font family name of text (other than lyrics) when this information is not provided on the individual elements.
Provides a default value for the font name of text (other than lyrics) when this information is not provided on the individual elements.
Provides a default value for the font size of text (other than lyrics) when this information is not provided on the individual elements.
Provides a default value for the font style of text (other than lyrics) when this information is not provided on the individual elements.
Provides a default value for the font weight for text (other than lyrics) when this information is not provided on the individual elements.
Indicates that this element participates in a tie. If visual information about the tie needs to be recorded, then a tie element should be employed.
Encodes the onset time in terms of musical time, i.e., beats[.fractional beat part], as expressed in the written time signature.
Encodes the ending point of an event, i.e., a count of measures plus a beat location in the ending measure.
Records the amount of diatonic pitch shift, e.g., C to C♯ = 0, C to D♭ = 1, necessary to calculate the sounded pitch from the written one.
Records the amount of pitch shift in semitones, e.g., C to C♯ = 1, C to D♭ = 1, necessary to calculate the sounded pitch from the written one.
Indicates that this feature participates in a tuplet. If visual information about the tuplet needs to be recorded, then a tuplet element should be employed.
Designation which characterizes the element in some sense, using any convenient classification scheme or typology that employs single-token labels.
Contains the name of a font-family.
Holds the name of a font.
Indicates the size of a font expressed in printers' points, i.e., 1/72nd of an inch, relative terms, e.g., "small", "larger", etc., or percentage values relative to "normal" size, e.g., "125%".
Records the style of a font, i.e, italic, oblique, or normal.
Used to indicate bold type.
Records vertical alignment.
Provides a label for members of a vertically aligned group.
Indicates if a feature should be rendered when the notation is presented graphically or sounded when it is presented in an aural form.
Records a horizontal adjustment to a feature's programmatically-determined location in terms of staff interline distance; that is, in units of 1/2 the distance between adjacent staff lines.
Records a timestamp adjustment of a feature's programmatically-determined location in terms of musical time; that is, beats.
Records the vertical adjustment of a feature's programmatically-determined location in terms of staff interline distance; that is, in units of 1/2 the distance between adjacent staff lines.
Records the horizontal adjustment of a feature's programmatically-determined start point.
Records the horizontal adjustment of a feature's programmatically-determined end point.
Records a timestamp adjustment of a feature's programmatically-determined start point.
Records a timestamp adjustment of a feature's programmatically-determined end point.
Records a vertical adjustment of a feature's programmatically-determined start point.
Records a vertical adjustment of a feature's programmatically-determined end point.
Specifies the symbol used to group lyrics.
brace
Curved symbol, i.e., {.
bracket
Square symbol, i.e., [, but with curved/angled top and bottom segments.
bracketsq
Square symbol, i.e., [, with horizontal top and bottom segments.
line
Line symbol, i.e., |, (wide) line without top and bottom curved/horizontal segments.
none
Grouping symbol missing.
Allows one to signal to an application whether an element's white space is "significant". The behavior of xml:space cascades to all descendant elements, but it can be turned off locally by setting the xml:space attribute to the value "default".
default
Allows the application to handle white space as necessary. Not including an xml:space attribute produces the same result as using the default value.
preserve
Instructs the application to maintain white space "as-is", suggesting that it might have meaning.
Measurement of the horizontal dimension of an entity.
Encodes an x coordinate for a feature in an output coordinate system. When it is necessary to record the placement of a feature in a facsimile image, use the facs attribute.
Encodes a y coordinate for a feature in an output coordinate system. When it is necessary to record the placement of a feature in a facsimile image, use the facs attribute.
Encodes the optional 2nd x coordinate.
Encodes the optional 2nd y coordinate.
(accidental) – Records a temporary alteration to the pitch of a note.
Name of an actor appearing within a cast list.
Contains a postal address, for example of a publisher, an organization, or an individual.
(address line) – Single line of a postal address.
Range of a voice, instrument or piece.
Highest or lowest pitch in a score, staff, or layer.
(analytic level) – Contains bibliographic elements describing an item (e.g. an article or poem) published within a monograph or journal and not as an independent publication.
(annotation) – Provides a statement explaining the text or indicating the basis for an assertion.
The @data attribute may only occur on an
annotation within the notesStmt element.
A person or organization who transcribes a musical composition, usually for a different medium from that of the original; in an arrangement the musical substance remains essentially unchanged.
(articulation) – An indication of how to play a note or chord.
The name of the creator of the intellectual content of a non-musical, literary work.
Vertical line drawn through one or more staves that divides musical notation into metrical units.
The value of @taktplace must be less than or equal to two times the number of staff
lines.
(bibliographic reference) – Provides a loosely-structured bibliographic citation in which the sub-components may or may not be explicitly marked.
List of bibliographic references.
When labels are used,
usually each bibliographic item has one.
(scope of citation) – Defines the scope of a bibliographic reference, for example as a list of page numbers, or a named subdivision of a larger work.
(structured bibliographic citation) – Contains a bibliographic citation in which bibliographic sub-elements must appear in a specified order.
Contains the whole of a single musical text, excluding any front or back matter.
Break, pause, or interruption in the normal tempo of a composition. Typically indicated by "railroad tracks", i.e., two diagonal slashes.
Must have one of the
attributes: startid, tstamp, tstamp.ges or tstamp.real.
A label which accompanies an illustration or a table.
(cast group) – Groups one or more individual castItem elements within a cast list.
Contains a single entry within a cast list, describing either a single role or a list of non-speaking roles.
Contains a single cast list or dramatis personae.
(column beginning) – An empty formatting element that forces text to begin in a new column.
Records the column number.
Column beginning must be preceded by a
colLayout element.
The value of @n should be less than or equal
to the value of @cols () of the preceding
colLayout element.
A simultaneous sounding of two or more notes in the same layer *with the same duration*.
Indication of the exact location of a particular note on the staff and, therefore, the other notes as well.
The clef position must be less than or equal to the number of lines of an ancestor
staff.
The clef position must be less than or equal to the number of lines of a preceding
staff.
(clef group) – A set of simultaneously-occurring clefs.
(column layout) – An empty formatting element that signals the start of columnar layout.
Records the number of columns.
The name of the creator of the intellectual content of a musical work.
Names of individuals, institutions, or organizations responsible for contributions to the intellectual content of a work, where the specialized elements for authors, editors, etc. do not suffice or do not apply.
The value of @role must not contain the name of another element available in this
context.
Used to specify the contributor's function.
Non-bibliographic details of the creation of an intellectual entity, in narrative form, such as the date, place, and circumstances of its composition. More detailed information may be captured within the history element.
Symbol placed at the end of a line of music to indicate the first note of the next line. Sometimes called a "direct".
A string identifying a point in time or the time period between two such points.
Entity to whom a creative work is formally offered.
The dedicatee element may not be
recursively nested.
Description of a measurement taken through a three-dimensional object.
(description) – Container for text that briefly describes the feature to which it is attached, including its intended usage, purpose, or application as appropriate.
(dimension) – Any single dimensional specification.
Aspect of the object being measured.
Suggested values include: 1] alt; 2] angle; 3] circum; 4] depth; 5] diameter; 6] elevation; 7] height; 8] length; 9] radius; 10] relief; 11] width
alt
Altitude. Refers to the distance above a given level, commonly mean sea level.
angle
Angle. Amount of rotation needed to bring one line or plane into coincidence with another.
circum
Circumference of a circular area.
depth
Dimension taken through an object or body of material, usually downward from an upper surface, horizontally inward from an outer surface, or from top to bottom of something regarded as one of several layers.
diameter
Length of a straight line passing through the center of a circle or sphere and meeting the circumference or surface at each end.
elevation
Distance to which something has been raised or uplifted above a level, e.g. a hill's elevation above the surrounding country.
height
Denotes extent upward (as from foot to head) as well as any measurable distance above a given level.
length
Measure of the greatest dimension of a plane or solid figure.
radius
Half the diameter of a circular, spherical, or cylindrical object.
relief
Projection of a figure or part from the plane on which it is formed.
width
Extent from side to side; breadth.
Information about the physical size of an entity; usually includes numerical data.
The depth element may only appear
once.
The height element may only appear
once.
The width element may only appear
once.
(directive) – An instruction expressed as a combination of text and symbols — such as segno and coda symbols, fermatas over a bar line, etc., typically above, below, or between staves, but not on the staff — that is not encoded elsewhere in more specific elements, like tempo or dynam.
Must have one of the
attributes: startid, tstamp, tstamp.ges or tstamp.real.
Person or agency, other than a publisher, from which access (including electronic access) to a bibliographic entity may be obtained.
(division) – Major structural division of text, such as a preface, chapter or section.
Characterizes the textual division in some sense, using any convenient classification scheme or typology that employs single-token labels.
Suggested values include: 1] abstract; 2] ack; 3] appendix; 4] bibliography; 5] colophon; 6] contents; 7] dedication; 8] frontispiece; 9] glossary; 10] half-title; 11] index; 12] annotations; 13] preface
abstract
A summary of the content of a text as continuous prose.
ack
A formal declaration of acknowledgment by the author in which persons and institutions are thanked for their part in the creation of a text.
appendix
An ancillary self-contained section of a work, often providing additional but in some sense extra-canonical text.
bibliography
A list of bibliographic citations.
colophon
A statement appearing at the end of a book describing the conditions of its physical production.
contents
A table of contents, specifying the structure of a work and listing its constituents. The list element should be used to mark its structure.
dedication
A formal offering or dedication of a text to one or more persons or institutions by the author.
frontispiece
A pictorial frontispiece, possibly including some text.
glossary
A list of terms associated with definition texts (‘glosses’).
half-title
A page containing only the title of a book — as opposed to the title page, which also lists subtitle, author, imprint and similar data.
index
Any form of index to the work.
annotations
A section in which annotations on the text are gathered together.
preface
A foreword or preface addressed to the reader in which the author or publisher explains the content, purpose, or origin of the text.
Dot of augmentation or division.
(dynamic) – Indication of the volume of a note, phrase, or section of music.
Must have one of
the attributes: startid, tstamp, tstamp.ges or tstamp.real.
When @val2 is present, either
@dur, @dur.ges, @endid, or @tstamp2 must also be present.
(edition designation) – A word or text phrase that indicates a difference in either content or form between the item being described and a related item previously issued by the same publisher/distributor (e.g. 2nd edition, version 2.0, etc.), or simultaneously issued by either the same publisher/distributor or another publisher/distributor (e.g. large print edition, British edition, etc.).
The name of the individual(s), institution(s) or organization(s) acting in an editorial capacity.
Alternative ending for a repeated passage of music; i.e., prima volta, seconda volta, etc.
Contains a free-text event description.
Contains historical information given as a sequence of significant past events.
Indicates how a section may be programmatically expanded into its 'through-composed' form.
Used to express size in terms other than physical dimensions, such as number of pages, records, bytes, physical components, etc.
Names of individuals, institutions, or organizations responsible for funding. Funders provide financial support for a project; they are distinct from sponsors, who provide intellectual support and authority.
Term or terms that designate a category characterizing a particular style, form, or content.
Contains a composite musical text, grouping together a sequence of distinct musical texts (or groups of such musical texts) which are regarded as a unit for some purpose, for example, the collected works of a composer.
(group symbol) – A brace or bracket used to group two or more staves of a score or part.
In scoreDef, grpSym must have startid,
endid, and level attributes.
In staffGrp, grpSym must not have
startid, endid, or level attributes.
(heading) – Contains any heading, for example, the title of a section of text, or the heading of a list.
Description of the vertical size of an object.
An alpha-numeric string that establishes the identity of the described material.
Information relating to the publication or distribution of a bibliographic item.
(incipit) – The opening music and/or words of a musical or textual work.
(key accidental) – Accidental in a key signature.
One of the following is required: @x and
@y attribute pair, @pname attribute, or @loc attribute.
Specifies whether enharmonic (written) values or implicit ("perform-able") values are allowed.
implicit
Only performed values (sharp, flat, natural) allowed.
explicit
All enharmonic (written) values allowed.
(key signature) – Written key signature.
If the @oct attribute
appears on any keyAccid element, it must be provided on all keyAccid
elements.
Only keyAccid elements are allowed
here.
A container for document text that identifies the feature to which it is attached. For a "tool tip" or other generated label, use the label attribute.
A label on the pages following the first.
An independent stream of events on a staff.
(layer definition) – Container for layer meta-information.
(line beginning) – An empty formatting element that forces text to begin on a new line.
(line group) – May be used for any section of text that is organized as a group of lines; however, it is most often used for a group of verse lines functioning as a formal unit, e.g. a stanza, refrain, verse paragraph, etc.
Person or organization who is a writer of the text of an opera, oratorio, etc.
Person or organization who is a writer of the text of a song.
(musical division) – Contains a subdivision of the body of a musical text.
Contains a single MEI-conformant document, consisting of an MEI header and a musical text, either in isolation or as part of an meiCorpus element.
The values in @staff must correspond to @n attribute of a staffDef
element.
(monograph level) – Contains bibliographic elements describing an item, for example, a published book or journal, score, recording, or an unpublished manuscript.
Contains a single musical text of any kind, whether unitary or composite, for example, an etude, opera, song cycle, symphony, or anthology of piano solos.
Proper noun or noun phrase.
Recommended practice is to use name elements to capture sub-parts of a generic
name.
Characterizes the name in some sense, using any convenient classification scheme or typology that employs single-token labels.
Suggested values include: 1] person; 2] corporation; 3] location; 4] process; 5] style; 6] time
person
A personal name.
corporation
Name of a corporate body.
location
Name of a location.
process
Name of a process or software application.
style
Name of a musical style; i.e., form, genre, technique, etc.
time
Name of a period of time.
A single pitched event.
(number) – Numeric information in any form.
Numeric value capturing a measurement or count. Can only be interpreted in combination with the unit attribute.
An element indicating an ornament that is not a mordent, turn, or trill.
Must have one of the
attributes: startid, tstamp, tstamp.ges or tstamp.real.
(paragraph) – One or more text phrases that form a logical prose passage.
(padding) – An indication of extra visual space between notational elements.
An alternative visual rendition of the score from the point of view of a particular performer (or group of performers).
Provides a container for performers' parts.
(page beginning) – An empty formatting element that forces text to begin on a new page.
(page description) – Contains a brief prose description of the appearance or description of the content of a physical page.
(page footer) – A running footer on the first page. Also, used to temporarily override a running footer on individual pages.
Records horizontal alignment of the page footer.
(page footer 2) – A running footer on the pages following the first.
Records horizontal alignment of the page footer. Use multiple values to capture an alternating pattern.
(page header) – A running header on the first page. Also, used to temporarily override a running header on individual pages.
Records horizontal alignment of the page header.
(page header 2) – A running header on the pages following the first.
Records horizontal alignment of the page header. Use multiple values to capture an alternating pattern.
Indication of 1) a "unified melodic idea" or 2) performance technique.
Must have one of the
attributes: startid, tstamp, tstamp.ges or tstamp.real.
Must have one of the attributes:
dur, dur.ges, endid, or tstamp2.
The visual attributes of the phrase (@bezier, @bulge, @curvedir, @lform,
@lwidth, @ho, @startho, @endho, @to, @startto, @endto, @vo, @startvo, @endvo, @x, @y,
@x2, and @y2) will be overridden by visual attributes of the contained curve
elements.
(physical location) – Groups information about the current physical location of a bibliographic item, such as the repository in which it is located and its shelf mark(s), and its previous locations.
Name of the organization responsible for the publication of a bibliographic item.
(publication place) – Name of the place where a bibliographic item was published.
The name of the individual(s), institution(s) or organization(s) receiving correspondence.
(related item) – Contains or references another bibliographic item which is related to the present one.
Describes the relationship between the entity identified by the relatedItem element and the resource described in the parent element, i.e., bibl, source or relatedItem.
Describes a relationship or linkage amongst entities.
Within work, expression, source, or item, the value of the rel attribute must match one
of the following: hasAbridgement, isAbridgementOf, hasAdaptation, isAdaptationOf,
hasAlternate, isAlternateOf, hasArrangement, isArrangementOf, hasComplement,
isComplementOf, hasEmbodiment, isEmbodimentOf, hasExemplar, isExemplarOf, hasImitation,
isImitationOf, hasPart, isPartOf, hasRealization, isRealizationOf, hasReconfiguration,
isReconfigurationOf, hasReproduction, isReproductionOf, hasRevision, isRevisionOf,
hasSuccessor, isSuccessorOf, hasSummarization, isSummarizationOf, hasSupplement,
isSupplementOf, hasTransformation, isTransformationOf, hasTranslation,
isTranslationOf
Within work, expression, source or item, the target attribute
must be present.
Describes the relationship between the entities identified by the plist and target attributes.
Gathers relation elements.
(render) – A formatting element indicating special visual rendering, e.g., bold or italicized, of a text word or phrase.
A positive value for rotation rotates the text in a counter-clockwise fashion, while negative values produce clockwise rotation.
Institution, agency, or individual which holds a bibliographic item.
(responsibility) – A phrase describing the nature of intellectual responsibility.
(responsibility statement) – Transcription of text that names one or more individuals, groups, or in rare cases, mechanical processes, responsible for creation, realization, production, funding, or distribution of the intellectual or artistic content.
At least one element pair (a resp element and a name-like element) is
recommended. Alternatively, each name-like element may have a @role
attribute.
A non-sounding event found in the source being transcribed.
The value of @line must be less than or equal to the number of lines on the
staff.
Name of a dramatic role, as given in a cast list.
(role description) – Describes a character's role in a drama.
(system beginning) – An empty formatting element that forces musical notation to begin on a new line.
Full score view of the musical content.
(score definition) – Container for score meta-information.
Segment of music data.
A
section containing an expansion element must have descendant section, ending, or rdg
elements.
Contains information about the serial publication in which a bibliographic item has appeared.
A placeholder used to fill an incomplete measure, layer, etc. most often so that the combined duration of the events equals the number of beats in the measure.
Contains a specialized form of heading or label, giving the name of one or more speakers in a dramatic text or fragment.
Names of sponsoring individuals, organizations or institutions. Sponsors give their intellectual authority to a project; they are to be distinguished from funders, who provide the funding but do not necessarily take intellectual responsibility.
(stacked text) – An inline table with a single column.
Indicates the delimiter used to mark the portions of text that are to be stacked.
Specifies how the stacked text components should be aligned.
left
Left justified.
right
Right justified.
center
Centered.
rightdigit
Aligned on right-most digit.
A group of equidistant horizontal lines on which notes are placed in order to represent pitch or a grouping element for individual 'strands' of notes, rests, etc. that may or may not actually be rendered on staff lines; that is, both diastematic and non-diastematic signs.
There must be a preceding staffDef with a matching value of @n, a preceding staff with
a matching @n value containing a staffDef, or a staffDef child element.
(staff definition) – Container for staff meta-information.
StaffDef must have an n attribute.
Either
@lines must be present or a preceding staffDef with the same value for @n and @lines
must exist.
Only one clef or clefGrp is
permitted.
@n must have the same value as the
current staff.
Either
@lines must be present or a preceding staffDef with matching @n value and @lines must
exist.
The clef position must be less
than or equal to the number of lines on the staff.
The clef position must be
less than or equal to the number of lines on the staff.
The tab.strings attribute must have the same
number of values as there are staff lines.
The
tab.strings attribute must have the same number of values as there are staff
lines.
The lines.color attribute
must have either 1) a single value or 2) the same number of values as there are staff
lines.
The lines.color attribute must have either 1) a single value or 2) the same number of
values as there are staff lines.
The value of ppq must be a factor of
the value of ppq on an ancestor scoreDef.
The value of ppq must be a factor of
the value of ppq on a preceding scoreDef.
(staff group) – A group of bracketed or braced staves.
Each staffDef must have a unique value
for the n attribute.
(syllable) – Individual lyric syllable.
A reference to a previously defined symbol.
In the symbolDef context, symbol must have
either a startid attribute or x and y attributes.
In the symbolDef context, symbol
must have one of the following attributes: altsym, glyph.name, or
glyph.num.
Text and symbols descriptive of tempo, mood, or style, e.g., "allarg.", "a tempo", "cantabile", "Moderato", "♩=60", "Moderato ♩ =60").
Must have one of the
attributes: startid, tstamp, tstamp.ges or tstamp.real.
Keyword or phrase which describes a resource.
The @data attribute may only occur on a
term which is a descendant of a classification element.
(text language) – Identifies the languages and writing systems within the work described by a bibliographic description, not the language of the description.
(main language) supplies a code which identifies the chief language used in the bibliographic work.
(other languages) one or more codes identifying any other languages used in the bibliographic work.
Title of a bibliographic entity.
Indicates the bibliographic level of the title.
a
Analyzed component, such as an article or chapter, within a larger bibliographic entity.
c
Collection. A group of items that were not originally published, distributed, or produced together.
d
Subunit of a collection, e.g. item, folder, box, archival series, subgroup, or subcollection.
i
Integrating resource, such as a continuously updated loose-leaf service or Web site.
m
Monograph.
j
Journal.
s
Series.
u
Unpublished (including theses and dissertations unless published by a commercial press).
Characterizes the title in some sense, using any convenient classification scheme or typology that employs single-token labels.
Suggested values include: 1] main; 2] subordinate; 3] abbreviated; 4] alternative; 5] translated; 6] uniform; 7] desc
main
Main title.
subordinate
Subtitle or title of part.
abbreviated
Abbreviated form of title.
alternative
Alternate title by which the item is also known.
translated
Translated form of title.
uniform
Collective title.
desc
Descriptive paraphrase of the work.
Contains a transcription of the title page of a text.
Contains a subsection or division of the title of a bibliographic entity.
Characterizes this title component in some sense, using any convenient classification scheme or typology that employs single-token labels.
Suggested values include: 1] alternative; 2] arrangement; 3] carrier; 4] date; 5] desc; 6] form; 7] key; 8] language; 9] main; 10] name; 11] number; 12] perfmedium; 13] subordinate; 14] translated; 15] version
alternative
Alternate title by which the item is also known.
arrangement
Arranged statement for music. Analogous to MARC 240 subfield o.
carrier
Medium of the carrier. Analogous to MARC 240 subfield h.
date
Publication/creation date(s) of work. Analogous to MARC 240 subfield f.
desc
Descriptive paraphrase of the work.
form
Form subheading. Analogous to MARC 240 subfield k.
key
Key for music. Analogous to MARC 240 subfield r.
language
Language of a work. Analogous to MARC 240 subfield l (el).
main
Main title.
name
Name of a part or section of a work. Analogous to MARC 240 subfield p.
number
Standard number designation of a work or of a part or section of a work. Analogous to MARC 240 subfield n.
perfmedium
Performance medium. Analogous to MARC 240 subfield m.
subordinate
Subtitle.
translated
Translated form of title.
version
Version. Analogous to MARC 240 subfield s.
Description of the horizontal size of an object.
Indicates which finger, if any, should be used to play an individual string. The index, middle, ring, and little fingers are represented by the values 1-4, while 't' is for the thumb. The values 'x' and 'o' indicate muffled and open strings, respectively.
Records the location at which a string should be stopped against a fret.
Records which string is to be played.
Records fret position.
Provides a *written* pitch and octave for each open string or course of strings.
[a-g][0-9](s|f|ss|x|ff|xs|sx|ts|tf|n|nf|ns|su|sd|fu|fd|nu|nd|1qf|3qf|1qs|3qs)?([a-g][0-9](s|f|ss|x|ff|xs|sx|ts|tf|n|nf|ns|su|sd|fu|fd|nu|nd|1qf|3qf|1qs|3qs)?)*
A barre in a chord tablature grid.
Records the location at which the strings should be stopped against a fret in a fretboard diagram. This may or may not be the same as the actual location on the fretboard of the instrument in performance.
1
5
Contains a formal list or prose description of topics addressed.
(back matter) – Contains any appendixes, advertisements, indexes, etc. following the main body of a musical text.
Contains a quotation, anonymous or attributed, appearing on a title page.
(front matter) – Bundles prefatory text found before the start of the musical text.
Contains a formal statement authorizing the publication of a work, sometimes required to appear on a title page or its verso.
(line of text) – Contains a single line of text within a line group.
Used to specify a rhythm for the lyric syllables that differs from that of the notes on the staff, e.g., '4,4,4,4' when the rhythm of the notes is '4.,8,4.,8'.
(list item) – Single item in a list.
A formatting element that contains a series of items separated from one another and arranged in a linear, often vertical, sequence.
In a list of type "gloss" all items
must be immediately preceded by a label.
Used to indicate the format of a list. In a "simple" list, li elements are not numbered or bulleted. In a "marked" list, the sequence of the list items is not critical, and a bullet, box, dash, or other character is displayed at the start of each item. In an "ordered" list, the sequence of the items is important, and each li is lettered or numbered. Style sheet functions should be used to specify the mark or numeration system for each li.
simple
Items are not numbered or bulleted.
marked
Bullet, box, dash, or other character is displayed before each item.
ordered
Each item is numbered or lettered.
Captures the nature of the content of a list.
Suggested values include: 1] gloss; 2] index; 3] instructions; 4] litany; 5] syllogism
gloss
Each list item glosses some term or concept, which is given by a label element preceding the list item.
index
Each list item is an entry in an index such as the alphabetical topical index at the back of a print volume.
instructions
Each list item is a step in a sequence of instructions, as in a recipe.
litany
Each list item is one of a sequence of petitions, supplications or invocations, typically in a religious ritual.
syllogism
Each list item is part of an argument consisting of two or more propositions and a final conclusion derived from them.
(quoted) – Contains material which is distinguished from the surrounding phrase-level text using quotation marks or a similar method. Use quote for block-level quotations.
Suggested values include: 1] spoken; 2] thought; 3] written; 4] soCalled; 5] foreign; 6] distinct; 7] term; 8] emph; 9] mentioned
spoken
Representation of speech.
thought
Representation of thought, e.g. internal monologue.
written
Quotation from a written source.
soCalled
Authorial distance.
foreign
Linguistically distinct.
distinct
Linguistically distinct.
term
Technical term.
emph
Rhetorically emphasized.
mentioned
Refering to itself, not its normal referent.
(quoted material) – Contains a paragraph-like block of text attributed to an external source, normally set off from the surrounding text by spacing or other typographic distinction.
(arbitrary segment) represents any segmentation of text below the "text component" level.
Provides a way of pointing to a user-defined symbol. It must contain a reference to an ID of a symbolDef element elsewhere in the document.
@altsym attribute
should have content.
The value in @altsym should correspond to the @xml:id attribute of a symbolDef
element.
The value
in @altsym must not correspond to the @xml:id attribute of a symbolDef
ancestor.
Indicates the function of the text.
Suggested values include: 1] unknown
unknown
The function of the text is unknown.
Indicates the function of the curve.
Suggested values include: 1] unknown
unknown
The function of the curve is unknown.
Indicates the function of the line.
Suggested values include: 1] coloration; 2] ligature; 3] unknown
coloration
Indicates coloration in material transcribed from a source originally in mensural notation.
ligature
Marks a ligature in material transcribed from a source originally in mensural notation.
unknown
The function of the line is unknown.
Container for text that is fixed to a particular page location, regardless of changes made to the layout of the measures around it.
A curved line that cannot be represented by a more specific element, such as a slur.
In the symbolDef context, curve must have
either a startid attribute or x and y attributes.
In the symbolDef context, curve must have
either an endid attribute or both x2 and y2 attributes.
In the symbolDef context, curve must have either a
bezier or bulge attribute.
A visual line that cannot be represented by a more specific; i.e., semantic, element.
When used in the symbolDef context, must have
either a startid attribute or x and y attributes.
When used in the symbolDef context, must have
either an endid attribute or both x2 and y2 attributes.
When
used in the score context, must have a startid, tstamp, tstamp.ges or tstamp.real
attribute or both x and y attributes.
When used in
the score context, must have an endid, dur, dur.ges, or tstamp2 attribute or both x2 and
y2 attributes.
One or more characters which are related to the parent symbol in some respect, as specified by the type attribute.
(property name) – Name of a property of the symbol.
Characterizes the property name.
unicode
A registered Unicode normative or informative property name.
local
A locally defined name.
(property value) – A single property value.
(symbol definition) – Declaration of an individual symbol in a symbolTable.
(symbol name) – Contains the name of a symbol, expressed following Unicode conventions.
(symbol property) – Provides a name and value for some property of the parent symbol.
Contains a set of user-defined symbols.
Location of the annotation.
Indicates if an arrowhead is to be drawn as part of the arpeggiation symbol.
Symbol rendered at end of the line.
Holds the relative size of the arrow symbol.
Captures the overall color of the arrow.
Captures the fill color of the arrow if different from the line color.
Visual form of the line.
Width of the line.
States the length of barlines in virtual units. The value must be greater than 0 and is typically equal to 2 times (the number of staff lines - 1); e.g., a value of '8' for a 5-line staff.
0
Records the method of barring.
Denotes the staff location of the bar line if its length is non-standard.
Color of beams, including those associated with tuplets.
Encodes whether a beam is "feathered" and in which direction.
acc
Beam lines grow farther apart from left to right.
rit
Beam lines grow closer together from left to right.
norm
Beam lines are equally-spaced over the entire length of the beam.
Captures beam slope.
Indicates the number of slashes required to render the appropriate beat repeat symbol. When a single beat consisting of a single note or chord is repeated, the repetition symbol is a single thick, slanting slash; therefore, the value '1' should be used. When the beat is divided into even notes, the following values should be used: 4ths or 8ths=1, 16ths=2, 32nds=3, 64ths=4, 128ths=5. When the beat is comprised of mixed duration values, the default rendition is 2 slashes and 2 dots.
Indicates a single, alternative note head should be displayed instead of individual note heads. The highest and lowest notes of the chord usually indicate the upper and lower boundaries of the cluster note head.
Describes the color of the clef.
Determines whether the clef is to be displayed.
Describes the visual appearance of the fermata; that is, whether it occurs as upright or inverted.
inv
Inverted, i.e., curve or bracket below the dot.
norm
Upright; i.e., curve or bracket above the dot.
Describes the visual appearance of the fermata; that is, whether it has a curved, square, or angular shape.
curved
A curve above or below the dot.
square
A bracket above or below the dot.
angular
A triangle above or below the dot.
horiz
Combination expressed horizontally, as for brass instruments.
vert
Combination expressed vertically, as for woodwind instruments or piano.
Indicates the number of beams present.
1
6
Captures the number of "floating" beams, i.e., those not attached to stems.
The number of floating beams must be less
than or equal to the total number of beams.
Records the amount of separation between floating beams and stems.
Specifies the distance between the lines at the open end of a hairpin dynamic mark.
Describes how the harmonic indication should be rendered.
grid
Chord tablature grid.
gridtext
Chord tablature grid and the element's textual content.
text
Textual content of the element.
Determines whether cautionary accidentals should be displayed at a key change.
Indicates whether the key signature should be displayed.
Determines whether cautionary accidentals should be displayed at a key change.
Visual form of the line.
Width of the line.
Symbol rendered at end of line.
Holds the relative size of the line-end symbol.
Symbol rendered at start of line.
Holds the relative size of the line-start symbol.
Contains an indication of how the meter signature should be rendered.
num
Show only the number of beats.
denomsym
The lower number in the meter signature is replaced by a note symbol.
norm
Meter signature rendered using traditional numeric values.
invis
Meter signature not rendered.
Contains an indication of how the meter signature should be rendered.
num
Show only the number of beats.
denomsym
The lower number in the meter signature is replaced by a note symbol.
norm
Meter signature rendered using traditional numeric values.
invis
Meter signature not rendered.
Determines whether the old meter signature should be displayed when the meter signature changes.
When the block attribute is used, combinations of the 1, 2, and 4 measure rest forms (Read, p. 104) should be rendered instead of the modern form or an alternative symbol.
States the side of a leaf (as in a manuscript) on which the content following the pb element occurs.
verso
The back of a manuscript page.
recto
The front of a manuscript page.
Determines whether piano pedal marks should be rendered as lines or as terms.
line
Continuous line with start and end positions rendered by vertical bars and bounces shown by upward-pointing "blips".
pedstar
Pedal down and half pedal rendered with "Ped.", pedal up rendered by "*", pedal "bounce" rendered with "* Ped.".
altpedstar
Pedal up and down indications same as with "pedstar", but bounce is rendered with "Ped." only.
Indicates whether hash marks should be rendered between systems. See Read, p. 436, ex. 26-3.
hash
Display hash marks between systems.
Defines the height of a "virtual unit" (vu) in terms of real-world units. A single vu is half the distance between the vertical center point of a staff line and that of an adjacent staff line.
\d+(\.\d+)?(cm|mm|in|pt|pc)
Indicates that staves begin again with this section.
Indicates whether a space is 'compressible', i.e., if it may be removed at the discretion of processing software.
Determines whether to display guitar chord grids.
Indicates the number of layers and their stem directions.
Captures the colors of the staff lines. The value is structured; that is, it should have the same number of space-separated RGB values as the number of lines indicated by the lines attribute. A line can be made invisible by assigning it the same RGB value as the background, usually white.
Records whether all staff lines are visible.
Records the absolute distance (as opposed to the relative distances recorded in scoreDef elements) between this staff and the preceding one in the same system. This value is meaningless for the first staff in a system since the spacing.system attribute indicates the spacing between systems.
Indicates whether bar lines go across the space between staves (true) or are only drawn across the lines of each staff (false).
Used to state where a tuplet bracket will be placed in relation to the note heads.
States whether a bracket should be rendered with a tuplet.
Determines if the tuplet duration is visible.
Controls how the num:numbase ratio is to be displayed.
count
Only the num attribute is displayed, e.g., '7'.
ratio
Both the num and numbase attributes are displayed, e.g., '7:4'.